Psychiatry

Question 1

What is an illusion?

Answer 1

The mis-interpretation of a stimulus that exists in real life

Question 2

What is a Hallucination?

Answer 2

A perception of a stimulus when there is no stimulus

Question 3

What are the types of auditory Hallucinations?

Answer 3

2nd person where they are talking to the person hallucinating
3rd person where they are talking about the person

Question 4

What are pseudo-hallucinations?

Answer 4

They are hallucinations that are recognised by the person eperiencing them as not real

Question 5

What is an overvalued idea?

Answer 5

A single belief that is held even with evidence to the contrary but not as strongly as a delusion. It is taking over the person’s life

Question 6

What is a delusion?

Answer 6

A belief that is objectively not true to others and not held by most in a community. The person cannot be convinced otherwise

Question 7

What is a delusional perception?

Answer 7

When a true stimulus or belief is interpreted incorrectly by a person

Question 8

What is a delusion of reference?

Answer 8

When a person interprets events as being personally significant

Question 9

What is concrete thinking?

Answer 9

Thinking that is based on what you can see hear and feel around you

Question 10

What is Loosening of association?

Answer 10

When a person talks about seemingly random topics with very little connection between them

Question 11

What is circumstantiality?

Answer 11

When a patient answers your questions but mentions many other details before getting to that point

Question 12

What is perseveration?

Answer 12

When someone is stuck on a particular topic and they cannot move on from it

Question 13

What is cofabulation?

Answer 13

When someone recounts things that happened which are fabricated lies but they are not purposefully doing so

Question 14

What is somativ passivity?

Answer 14

Experiencign somatic sensations that are imposed on a person by someone else.

Question 15

What is pressure of speech?

Answer 15

When a person feels the need to fill time with talking and it is hard to interrupt them

Question 16

What is anhedoinia?

Answer 16

The inability to enjoy things

Question 17

What is incongruity of affect?

Answer 17

When a person’s percieved mood is different to their reported mood. mood and affect are different

Question 18

What is blunting of affect?

Answer 18

Difficulty expressing how they feel and reduction in facial expression, gestures etc

Question 19

What is Belle indifference?

Answer 19

When there is very little response to having a serious mental illess

Question 20

What is depersonalisation?

Answer 20

Depersonalisation is when you feel outside yourself and a though you are not yourself.

Question 21

What is thought alientation?

Answer 21

It is when you believe that your thoughts are not in your control it includes broadcasting, insertion and withdrawl

Question 22

What is thought insertion?

Answer 22

When a patient believes that their thought are being put into their head by another person or external force

Question 23

WhWhat is thought broadcast?

Answer 23

When someone believes that their thoughts can be heard by others

Question 24

What is thought Echo?

Answer 24

When someone believes that their thoughts are being read aloud

Question 25

What is thought block?

Answer 25

When someone is talking and suddenly they stop talking because their thoughts stop

Question 26

What is Akathesia?

Answer 26

It is a restlessness that is felt by a patient internally often casued as a result of antipsychotic use

Question 27

What is clouding of consciousness?

Answer 27

When someone is still consioud bit it is reduced eg they may be less alert or responsive

Question 28

What is catatonia?

Answer 28

abnormality of movement and behaviour arising from a disturbed mental state (typically schizophrenia). It may involve repetitive or purposeless overactivity, or catalepsy, resistance to passive movement, and negativism.

Question 29

What is psychomotor retardation?

Answer 29

Reduction in tone rate of speech as well as movement as a result of a depressive illness

Question 30

What is flight of ideas?

Answer 30

When a patient cannot stop taking and moving from one idea to another

Question 31

What is derealisation?

Answer 31

feel that the world around you is unreal or that things that are happening are not really happening

Question 32

What is a formal thought disorder?

Answer 32

When a person is unable to express their thoughts in a coherent manner and the thoughts are not coherent

Question 33

What are first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 33

Thought Echo, Thought insertion of withdrawal, Thought broadcasting, 3rd Person auditory hallucinations, Delusional perception, Passivity and somatic passivity

Question 34

What are the types of schizophrenia in ICD10?

Answer 34

Paranoid, Hebphrenic, catatonic, undifferentiated,residual and mixed

Question 35

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 35

Blunted affect Apathy, Social isolation, Poverty of speech, Poor self-care

Question 36

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 36

Thought echo (hearing your own thoughts out loud)*, Thought insertion or withdrawal*, Thought broadcasting*, 3rd person auditory hallucinations*, Delusional perception *, Passivity and somatic passivity*, Odd behaviour, Thought disorder, Lack of insight

Question 37

What are the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Answer 37

when a patient has hyperthermia, muscle rigidity altered mental status, dysautonomia and hypermetabolism with raised CK, as a result of treatment with dompamine antagonists and sometiems from abrupt withdrawal from them

Question 38

What is treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Answer 38

Restart or stop antipsychotic depending on what preciptiated the NMS and supportive care with temp reductions and treatmetn or Rhabdomyalysis if present

Question 39

What are the symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

Answer 39

Neuromuscular excitation, autonomic effects, and altered mental status. Clinical diagnosis

Question 40

What causes serotonin syndrome?

Answer 40

Clinical manifestation of ecxess serotonin in the CNS resulting from theraputiv use or overdose of seratonergic drugs ect SSRI