Labour ward

Question 1

What is the role of a midwife?

Answer 1

Midwives are involved during pregnancy and for the birth. They assess the situation to work out if further help is required

Question 2

What is a “normal” birth?

Answer 2

One which occurs spontaneously low risk at the start and throughout The vertex position betweek 27 and 42 weeks of pregnancy. After the birth the mother are in good condition.

Question 3

What are the names of the stages of labour?

Answer 3

Latent , 1st, 2nd, 3rd stages

Question 4

What is the latent phase of labour?

Answer 4

When you are having contraction that are irregular still and not organised the cervix is not usually very dialated at this stage

Question 5

How long is the latent phase usually?

Answer 5

For a first pregnancy it can be 2-3 days. it tends to be shorter in 2nd or 3rd time mothers.

Question 6

Where is it advised that the latent phase happens?

Answer 6

Can be at home until labour is established if you are a low risk pregnancy.

Question 7

What is the latent phase of labour dilation size?

Answer 7

0-4cm

Question 8

What happens in the 1st stage of labou?

Answer 8

The cervic effaces and dilates up to 10cm which is full dilation. The contractions are regular at this point and should be 3-10 minutes they also get stronger.

Question 9

What is the normal progression of dilation in first stage of labour?

Answer 9

0.5cm per hour

Question 10

When is the second stage of labour?

Answer 10

From full dilatation 10 cm up until the birth of the baby

Question 11

How long does the first stage of labour last?

Answer 11

8-18 hours for first time women or 5-12 if nor first time

Question 12

How long is the 2nd stage usually?

Answer 12

2-3 hours or could be 5 minutes. Sometimes labour will stop and pause for an hour at this stage.

Question 13

What is the third stage of the birth?

Answer 13

After the baby is born to the expulsion of the placenta.

Question 14

What are the options for the third stage of labour?

Answer 14

can have an injection to speed it up or can just go ahead and have the baby.

Question 15

What is the role of Oxytocin?

Answer 15

a sue in levesls at the oneet of labour initiates and continues the contractions of the uterus

Question 16

What is the role of adrenaline in birht?

Answer 16

a surge is released right before birth to help give extra energu for a push

Question 17

What is the role of prostaglandins in the birht?

Answer 17

They cause the cervix to soften and ripen

Question 18

What is the role of the oestrogen in birth?

Answer 18

Surges at the onset of labour to inhibit progesterone to prepare the smooth muscles for labour

Question 19

What is the most common presentation?

Answer 19

cephalic 94%

Question 20

What is breech presentation?

Answer 20

bottom or feet first

Question 21

What is transverse lie?

Answer 21

When the baby is lying across the abdomen

Question 22

What is the best position for a baby to be born?

Answer 22

Left occipito anterior is the most advantageous LOA

Question 23

Where do contractions start inthe uterus?

Answer 23

At the fundus then they pass down into the rest of the uterus

Question 24

What stimulates the uterus?

Answer 24

The hormone oxytocin.

Question 25

How long is the cervical canall usually?

Answer 25

4cm

Question 26

What helps the fetal skull pass through the pelvis?

Answer 26

The fact that the sutures are not fused on a baby’s skull.

Question 27

What are fontanells?

Answer 27

The area on a baby’s skull that are not fused yet

Question 28

What are the two fontanellse?

Answer 28

Anterior which is between pariatal and frontal and posterior which is between the parietal and occiputal bonesq

Question 29

What is the name of the suture at the front middle of the babys head?

Answer 29

Metopic or frontal suture

Question 30

What is the middle posterior suture calle?

Answer 30

saggital sutrue

Question 31

What is the anterior horizontal suture called?

Answer 31

coronal suture

Question 32

What is the posterior horizontal suture called?

Answer 32

Lambdoid suture

Question 33

What is the sinciput?

Answer 33

The front of the babys skull

Question 34

What are the mechanisms or labour for the baby coming out (active labour)?

Answer 34

descent, flexion internal rotation, restitution external rotation and delivery of the body

Question 35

What is decention in labour?

Answer 35

The foetus decends into the pelvis this usually occurs after 37 weeks but cna take until labour it is encouraged by increased musclular tone

Question 36

What is flexion in labour?

Answer 36

The fetus’s head pusehs on the pelvic floor and causes the neck to flex and cases the skull diameter to shrink.

Question 37

What is internal rotation in labour?

Answer 37

When the baby’s head is pushed against the pelvic floor by contractions and the forward and backward motion allows it to rotate to fit through the pelvis. the ociput is anterior at this stage

Question 38

What is crowning?

Answer 38

the head no longer retreats after contraction through the vulva

Question 39

What is extension?

Answer 39

This is when the baby’s head extends onece tit has passed through the vagina and puts pressure on the perineum. This is after its passed through the suprapubic arch.

Question 40

What is external rotation?

Answer 40

the baby must rotate after head has been born to fit shoulders through the widest part of the vagina

Question 41

what is restituation/

Answer 41

when the shoulders are aliggned with the head after rotation

Question 42

What does the midwife do after restitution/

Answer 42

They apply downward pressure to the fetus to deliver anterior shoulder then lift up the head to deliver posterior shoulder