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Psychiatry > Psychiatric drugs > Flashcards

Psychiatric drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of first-generation antipsychotics (2)

A

Haloperidol

Chlorpromazine

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2
Q

Mechanism of antipsychotics

A

Dopamine blockade in the mesolimbic (reward) pathway

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3
Q

Side-effects/risks of 1st generation antipsychotics (4)

A

Extra-pyramidal side effects
Tardive dyskinesia
Weight gain/metabolic syndrome
Raised serum prolactin

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4
Q

Specific risk of antipsychotics in the elderly

A

Increased stroke/VTE risk

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5
Q

Examples of atypical anti-psychotics (4)

A

Olanzapine
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Clozapine

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6
Q

Advantage of the atypical anti-psychotics over the 1st generation

A

Fewer extrapyramidal side effects

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7
Q

Why is clozapine the anti-psychotic of last resort?

A

Significant risk of agranulocytosis

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8
Q

Specific risk of citalopram

A

Extends the QT interval

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9
Q

Main side effects of SSRIs (2)

A

In young people, slightly increased self-harm risk in first couple of weeks
GI disturbance

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10
Q

Mechanism of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

A

Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibtors

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11
Q

Mechanism of benzodiazepines

A

Enhance GABA-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission

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12
Q

Mechanism of sodium valproate

A

Enhances GABA transmission

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13
Q

Psychiatric indications for sodium valproate

A

Treatment and prophylaxis of mania

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14
Q

Prophylaxis of mania (3)

A

Lithium
Lamotrigine
Carbamezapine

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15
Q

What class of drug is lamotrigine and what is its mechanism of action?

A

Anti-convulsant

Mechanism- sodium channel blockade

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16
Q

Side effects of lithium (4)

A

Nausea and vomiting
Tremor
Weight gain
Lithium toxicity

17
Q

Features of lithium toxicity (4)

A

Hypothyroidism
Acute confusion
Seizures
Coma

18
Q

Mechanism of action of buspirone

A

5-HT1A partial agonist

19
Q

Role of procyclidine in schizophrenia

A

anticholinergic medication- reduces the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms from antipsychotics

20
Q

Blood levels above which lithium toxicity reliably occurs

A

1.5mmol/l

21
Q

Which class of commonly used drugs enhance the toxicity of lithium?

A

NSAIDs- reduce renal excretion of lithium

22
Q

Receptors responsible for:

seizures following withdrawal from sedative-hypnotic drugs

A

GABA (downregulated)

23
Q

Receptors responsible for:

first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Excessive activation of dopamine receptors

24
Q

Receptors responsible for:

depression

A

5-HT (serotonin)

Psychiatry (27 decks)

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