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Nursing > Psych Test 1 > Flashcards

Psych Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are thought disorders

A

Spectrum of disorders having several conmmon characteristics

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2
Q

What are the 5 things an individual can have with a thought disorder

A

Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized thinking and speech
Disorganized or abnormal motor behaviors
Negative symptoms

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3
Q

Positive symptoms

A

Added to - symptoms that shouldn’t be there

  • delusions
    Hallucinations
    Altered speech patterns
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4
Q

Negative symptoms

A

“Normal things” a person should have but are taken away
Think 6 A’s

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5
Q

What are the 6 A’s of negative symptoms

A

Anhedonia - lack of pleasure
Flat affect - lack of expression
Apathy - lack of interest
Anergia - lack of energy
Alohia - lack of speech
Avolition- lack of motivation

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6
Q

Delusional disorder

A

Delusion is present
- explain delusion type/ characteristics

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7
Q

Asociality

A

Lack of interest in social interactions

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8
Q

Anhedonia

A

Lack of pleasure

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9
Q

Apathy

A

Lack of feeling , emotion , or interest

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10
Q

Avolition

A

Lack of motivation

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11
Q

Alogia

A

Lack/ decrease of speech
- symptom of schizophrenia

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12
Q

Hallucinations

A

False sense of perception
- any of the senses

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13
Q

Brief psychotic disorder

A

Sudden onset of at least one
Delusions / hallucinations/ disorganized speech / catatonic behavior
- more common in females

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14
Q

Schizophreniform disorder

A

Looks just like schizophrenia, but lasts less than 6 months

  • may have social/ occupational impairments
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15
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder

A

Link b/w bipolar / mood disorders and schizophrenia/ thought disorders

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16
Q

How does schizoaffective disorder affect

A

How person expresses mood

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17
Q

Why does early onset diagnosis of schizophrenia lead to poor prognosis?

A

Because younger people do not have frontal lobe development and have not yet formed coping strategies

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18
Q

What are safety considerations with auditory hallucinations?

A

Ask if they are command hallucinations

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19
Q

What is the cause of schizophrenia?

A

No one cause!!!

Genetics
abnormalities in your translators - dopamine and glutamate
Structural abnormalities - atrophy of cerebellum enlarged ventricle, reduction of size of certain brain regions

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20
Q

How is schizophrenia diagnosed

A

Mental status exam for cognition
Psychiatric history from family/past medical records
- Careful, clinical observation
Physical exam to rule out in Medical causes such as substance induced psychosis and mood
- Vitamin deficiencies, vitamin D in first year of life in miles

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21
Q

Interventions for delusions

A

Ask
Be open and honest/nonjudgmental
Remember, it is real to the client
Encourage expression of feelings
If needed, set limits
Provide structure as needed
Acknowledg

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22
Q

Interventions for hallucinations

A

Monitor for cues and assess -
Ask if they are commands ?
Intervene, if needed
Decree stimuli
Limit therapeutic touch
Redirect if needed
Provide structure like set schedules

23
Q

What are prognosis factors for schizophrenia?

A

Play or sudden disease onset
Female
Good pre-illness
Minimal cognitive impairment
Early inconsistent treatment
Family history of mood disorders

24
Q

What are cool occurring diseases that may occur with schizophrenia?

A

Substance use disorder
Anxiety and depression
Cardiovascular disease
Metabolic syndrome

25
Q

Is affected regarding glutamate that can cause schizophrenia

A

Alterations in glutamate that is associated with cognitive symptoms, memory/learning and breakdown of dope mean

  • Can you play a role in structural brain abnormalities
26
Q

5150

A

72 hour involuntary hold

27
Q

5250

A

14 Involuntary hold

28
Q

Common side effects from anti-psychotic meds

A

Tremors or muscle rigidity
Decrease respiration, leading to slurred speech

29
Q

The neurotransmitter dopamine

A

Reward

D - determination
O - obsession
P - pleasure
- fine motor movement
Integration of emotions/ thoughts
Decision making
Stimulate hypothalamus

30
Q

The frontal cortex is mostly affected by which neurotransmitter

A

Dopamine

31
Q

How do antipsychotic drugs affect dopamine

A

They block dopamine, causing a Decrease, so there is a Decrease and determination/obsession/pleasure/motor function

32
Q

Neurotransmitter norepinephrine

A

Stress hormone

N- no hesitation
O - on alert
R - recall memory

33
Q

Typical antipsychotic meds

A

Works on positive symptoms
- d2 antagonist ( dopamine) going to lower it

34
Q

Symptoms of typical antipsychotic meds

A

Sedation
Anti cholinergic effect
Orthostatic hypotension
Eps: movement side effects
Weight gain

35
Q

Eps

A

Blockage of d2 receptors in motor areas cause extra pyramidal side affects

  • acute dystonia - contractions
36
Q

First gen ( typical ) antipsychotic meds

A

Chlorpromazine (cpz/ Thorazine)
Haloperidol
Fluphenazine (prolixin)

37
Q

What typical antipsychotic is good for emergency and has a long acting form that is injected

A

Haloperidol (Haldol)

38
Q

What 2 meds are good for psychosis happening now

A

Chlorpromazine
Haloperidol

39
Q

What is the problem with chlorpromazine and haloperidol

A

Patient who takes for long time are known to have more eps, neck muscle seizing

40
Q

2nd gen atypical antipsychotic meds

A

Aripiprazole
Olanzepine ( zyprexa)
Ziprasidone ( geodan)
Risperidone ( risperidal)

41
Q

How do atypical antipsychotic meds work

A

Work for positive and negative symptoms
- work on neurotransmitters

42
Q

Why are typical antipsychotics favored over typical antipsychotic

A

Have less likely to produce eps including tar dive dyskinesia and they target both positive and negative symptoms

43
Q

Symptoms of atypical antipsychotic meds

A

Increase metabolic syndrome
Weight gain
Hyperglycemia/ hyperlipidemia
Poor temp recognition
Gi upset
Dry mouth/ excessive salivation

44
Q

Clang association

A

Choosing words based on sounds
- rhyme

45
Q

Neologism

A

Words that have meaning to patient but different non existent to others

  • made up words
46
Q

Affective blunting

A

Reduced or constricted affect - external expression of emotion

47
Q

Anosognosia

A

Inability to see one has a problem/ Ill

48
Q

Echolalia

A

Repetition of words
“Echos”

49
Q

Circumstantiality

A

Talk with excessive and unnecessary detail but eventually gets to point

50
Q

Tangentiality

A

Goes on a tangent or wanders off topic

51
Q

Pressured speech

A

Urgent or intense speech - Talks really fast

52
Q

Flight of ideas

A

Moving rapidly from one thought to the next
Making it difficult to follow along

53
Q

Symbolic speech

A

Using words based on what they symbolize not what they mean

  • demons are sticking needles in me = feeling pain

Nursing (11 decks)

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