Psych Quiz 19

Question 1

Although Tamara is typically very reserved, as part of a huge rock concert crowd she lost her inhibitions and behaved in a very sexually provocative way. Tamara’s unusual behavior is best understood in terms of:
None of the listed answers are correct
the fundamental attribution error.
deindividuation.
social facilitation.
the mere exposure effect.
the bystander effect.

Answer 1

deindividuation

Question 2

Although Barbara receives somewhat greater rewards from her marriage than does her husband, both are satisfied with the relationship because they each benefit in proportion to what they put into it. This best illustrates the significance of:
equity.
None of the listed answers are correct
social facilitation.
the bystander effect.
deindividuation.
the mere exposure effect.

Answer 2

equity

Question 3

When visiting the Bergin-Belsen concentration camp shortly after World War II, one German civilian was said to have remarked, “What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment.” This reaction is best explained in terms of:
deindividuation.
the social responsibility norm.
None of the listed answers are correct
social facilitation.
the mere exposure effect.
the just-world phenomenon.

Answer 3

the just-world phenomenon.

Question 4

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces, each sees the other country’s actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates:
None of the listed answers are correct
the mere exposure effect.
the just-world phenomenon.
mirror-image perceptions.
deindividuation.
social facilitation.

Answer 4

mirror-image perceptions.

Question 5

Compared to less attractive people, those who are physically attractive are least likely to be perceived as very:
  happy. 
  healthy. 
  socially skilled. 
  honest. 
  All of the listed answers are correct 
  None of the listed answers are correct

Answer 5

Honest

Question 6

The neighbors' failure to call the police in time to save the life of Kitty Genovese best illustrated:
  the bystander effect. 
  the just-world phenomenon. 
  group polarization. 
  the mere exposure effect. 
  the frustration-aggression principle. 
  None of the listed answers are correct

Answer 6

the bystander effect

Question 7

Walter fails to recycle his glass, metal, and plastic garbage because he thinks it’s personally inconvenient and likely to have minimal impact on the city’s already overflowing landfills. His reaction best illustrates the dynamics of:
the just-world phenomenon.
None of the listed answers are correct
a social trap.
the fundamental attribution error.
the mere exposure effect.
social facilitation.

Answer 7

A social trap

Question 8

Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of:
groupthink on social conflict.
role-playing on attitude change.
deindividuation on the bystander effect.
frustration on aggression.
None of the listed answers are correct
team membership on social loafing.

Answer 8

role-playing on attitude change.

Question 9

Professor Mitchell wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite his having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently began to develop more favorable attitudes about the student’s abilities?
equity theory
scapegoat theory
None of the listed answers are correct
two-factor theory
social exchange theory
cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 9

cognitive dissonance theory

Question 10

Harold complied with his friends’ request to join them in smashing decorative pumpkins early one Halloween evening. Later that night he was surprised by his own failure to resist their pressures to throw eggs at passing police cars. Harold’s experience best illustrates the:
foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
just-world phenomenon.
None of the listed answers are correct
bystander effect.
fundamental attribution error.
frustration-aggression principle.

Answer 10

foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Question 11

Groupthink is fueled by a desire for:
  None of the listed answers are correct 
  passionate love. 
  self-disclosure. 
  cognitive dissonance. 
  conflict. 
  harmony.

Answer 11

Harmony

Question 12

Following Germany’s defeat in World War I and the economic chaos that followed, many Germans experienced increasing levels of prejudice toward Jews. This surge of hostility can best be explained in terms of the
bystander effect.
reciprocity norm.
None of the listed answers are correct
mere exposure effect.
just-world phenomenon.
scapegoat theory.

Answer 12

Scapegoat theory

Question 13

Amanda pedals an exercise bike at her health club much faster when other patrons happen to be working out on nearby equipment. This best illustrates:
group polarization.
the mere exposure effect.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
the bystander effect.
None of the listed answers are correct
social facilitation.

Answer 13

social facilitation.

Question 14

Winona, a Republican, and Julio, a Democrat, both believe that members of their own political party are more fair-minded and trustworthy than members of other parties. Their beliefs best illustrate:
None of the listed answers are correct
the two-factor theory.
deindividuation.
the social responsibility norm.
ingroup bias.
the just-world phenomenon.

Answer 14

Ingroup bias

Question 15

Research participants who worked alongside someone who rubbed his or her face or shook his or her foot were observed to do the same thing themselves. This best illustrated:
None of the listed answers are correct
social loafing.
the mere exposure effect.
the bystander effect.
deindividuation.
the chameleon effect.

Answer 15

the chameleon effect

Question 16

After Mrs. Beale and her kids had helped themselves to free samples of the cookies being promoted in the grocery store, she felt obligated to buy some, even though they seemed unreasonably expensive. Her reaction best illustrates the significance of:
None of the listed answers are correct
deindividuation.
the just-world phenomenon.
the reciprocity norm.
the bystander effect.
social facilitation.

Answer 16

the reciprocity norm.

Question 17

The level of obedience in the Milgram experiments was highest when the “teacher” was ________ the experimenter and ________ the “learner.”
None of the listed answers are correct
close to; far from
far from; close to
far from; far from
close to; close to

Answer 17

Close to; far from

Question 18

When a group of high school students who were all prejudiced discussed racial issues, their attitudes became even more prejudiced. This best illustrates:
  social facilitation. 
  group polarization. 
  social loafing. 
  the mere exposure effect. 
  the bystander effect. 
  None of the listed answers are correct

Answer 18

group polarization

Question 19

Using the Asch procedure, studies reveal that conformity to group judgments is least likely when:
it is very difficult for anyone to make correct perceptual judgments.
None of the listed answers are correct
participants announce their own answers only after the other group members have done so.
judgments are made in a group that has more than three people.
participants are not observed by other group members when giving their answers.

Answer 19

participants are not observed by other group members when giving their answers.

Question 20

In making wedding preparations, Peter conforms to the expectations of his future bride’s family simply to win their favor. His behavior illustrates the importance of:
None of the listed answers are correct
social facilitation.
the mere exposure effect.
normative social influence.
mirror-image perceptions.
the bystander effect.

Answer 20

normative social influence

Question 21

The fundamental attribution error involves:
underestimating situational constraints on another’s behavior.
None of the listed answers are correct
performing a complex task more poorly when in the presence of others.
failing to give aid in an emergency situation involving many onlookers.
losing self-restraint in group situations that foster anonymity.
becoming more extreme in one’s individual opinions following group discussion.

Answer 21

underestimating situational constraints on another’s behavior.

Question 22

Mr. Pyle heard what sounded like cries for help from a swimmer located 30 yards from the ocean shoreline. He continued walking along the beach, however, because he figured that one of the many swimmers in the vicinity would provide help if it was needed. His reaction best illustrates the dynamics involved in:
the mere exposure effect.
None of the listed answers are correct
the fundamental attribution error.
the bystander effect.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
group polarization.

Answer 22

the bystander effect

Question 23

After extensive exposure to X-rated sexual films, men are subsequently ________ accepting of women’s sexual submission to men and _______ likely to perceive a woman’s friendliness as sexual interest.
more; more
None of the listed answers are correct
more; less
less; less
less; more

Answer 23

More; more

Question 24

Shortly after Tim learned that he had failed to make the high school football team, he vandalized the team’s locker room and broke several classroom windows. His behavior is best explained in terms of:
social loafing.
the mere exposure effect.
None of the listed answers are correct
group polarization.
deindividuation.
the frustration-aggression principle.

Answer 24

the frustration-aggression principle.