Psych Quiz 11 Flashcards
To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of:
the availability heuristic.
functional fixedness.
belief perseverance.
None of the listed answers are correct
the representativeness heuristic.
an algorithm.
an algorithm
We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our________ of a bird.
All of the listed answers are correct
phoneme
heuristic
prototype
None of the listed answers are correct
algorithm
Prototype
Adding -ed to the word “laugh” means that the action took place in the past. This illustrates one of the rules of English:
syntax.
pedantics.
None of the listed answers are correct
phonemes.
algorithms.
None
Because he erroneously believes that older workers are not as motivated as younger workers to work hard, a factory foreman is especially vigilant for any signs of laziness among his senior workers. His supervision strategy best illustrates: functional fixedness. the availability heuristic. the framing effect. confirmation bias. the representativeness heuristic. None of the listed answers are correct
Bias
The word “chimps” contains ________ phoneme(s) and ________ morpheme(s).
5; 2
2; 6
1; 5
None of the listed answers are correct
6; 2
5;2
People are often unable to come up with the simple solutions to some of the three-jugs problems presented in the text because they repeat more complicated solutions that worked in the past. This best illustrates the dynamics of:
None of the listed answers are correct
the framing effect.
functional fixedness.
the availability heuristic.
a mental set.
artificial intelligence.
A mental set
A computer program designed to process the information in a psychology textbook and correctly answer multiple-choice questions regarding the text contents illustrates an application of:
the framing effect.
linguistic determinism.
artificial intelligence.
None of the listed answers are correct
telegraphic speech.
functional fixedness.
Ai
Raj is so used to thinking that a tough competitive style of behavior is the best way to impress others that he fails to recognize that the most effective way to impress his girlfriend is with cooperative tenderness. Raj’s oversight best illustrates:
None of the listed answers are correct
a fixation.
the representativeness heuristic.
the framing effect.
functional fixedness.
overconfidence.
A fixation
Your ability to recall which direction you turn the faucet handle in your bathroom in order to get cold water best illustrates the importance of:
the framing effect.
None of the listed answers are correct
the representativeness heuristic.
algorithms.
thinking without language.
the belief perseverance phenomenon.
thinking without language.
In her research, Professor Fujimoto seeks to identify circumstances in which confirmation bias is especially likely to impede effective problem solving. Which specialty area does her research best represent?
clinical psychology
cognitive psychology
biological psychology
None of the listed answers are correct
developmental psychology
personality psychology
Cognitive psychology
Raul believes that men enjoy watching professional football and that women are categorically distinct from men. His gender stereotypes are so strong, however, that he mistakenly reasons from these premises the illogical conclusion that women do not enjoy watching professional football. His reasoning difficulty best illustrates:
None of the listed answers are correct
the framing effect.
the availability heuristic.
confirmation bias.
belief bias.
functional fixedness.
Bias
When choosing who should retrieve food for them, humans prefer someone who has witnessed it being hidden. Chimps do not. This best illustrates that chimps have a more limited:
None of the listed answers are correct
representativeness heuristic.
prototype.
theory of mind.
confirmation bias.
Theory of mind
Arnold had difficulty recognizing that bullfighting was a sport because it failed to resemble his ________ of a sport.
phoneme
None of the listed answers are correct
prototype
algorithm
heuristic
All of the listed answers are correct
Prototype
The easier it is for people to remember an instance in which they were betrayed by a friend, the more they expect such an event to recur. This best illustrates the impact of:
functional fixedness.
belief perseverance.
the representativeness heuristic.
the availability heuristic.
None of the listed answers are correct
framing.
the availability heuristic.
Arief vainly searches for a screwdriver while failing to recognize that a readily available coin in his pocket would turn the screw. His oversight best illustrates:
None of the listed answers are correct
belief perseverance.
functional fixedness.
the framing effect.
the representativeness heuristic.
the availability heuristic.
functional fixedness
Which language theorist would have been most likely to emphasize that children master the rule for forming the past tense of regular verbs like “push” before they learn common past tense constructions of irregular verbs like “go”?
Skinner
Frisch
None of the listed answers are correct
Whorf
Chomsky
Chomsky
A defense attorney emphasizes to a jury that her client works full-time, supports his family, and enjoys leisure-time hobbies. Although none of this information is relevant to the trial, it is designed to make the defendant appear to be a typical member of the local community. The lawyer is most clearly seeking to take advantage of:
None of the listed answers are correct
All of the listed answers are correct
confirmation bias.
belief perseverance.
the representativeness heuristic.
functional fixedness.
the representativeness heuristic.
The two-word stage of language development typically begins at the age of ________ months.
24
36
10
6
None of the listed answers are correct
14
24
Maintaining one’s conceptions even after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited is known as:
the representativeness heuristic.
belief perseverance.
functional fixedness.
confirmation bias.
None of the listed answers are correct
the availability heuristic.
belief perseverance
In the English language, adjectives are typically placed before nouns, as in “white house.” This illustrates a rule of English:
All of the listed answers are correct
semantics.
None of the listed answers are correct
syntax.
algorithms.
phonemes.
Syntax
The fact that children speak with an accent that is similar to their peers is best explained by ________ theory of language acquisition.
Skinner’s
Chomsky’s
None of the listed answers are correct
All of the listed answers are correct
Whorf’s
Frisch’s
Skinners
Prompt feedback regarding your performance on psychology practice tests is most likely to inhibit:
the availability heuristic.
None of the listed answers are correct
overconfidence.
the representativeness heuristic.
the framing effect.
functional fixedness.
Overconfidence
College students are more likely to judge a condom as effective when informed that it has a 95 percent success rate than when told it has a 5 percent failure rate. This best illustrates the impact of:
belief perseverance.
confirmation bias.
framing.
None of the listed answers are correct
functional fixedness.
the representativeness heuristic.
Framing
To simulate the learning of the statistical relationships among language terms, researchers are likely to make use of:
the representativeness heuristic.
All of the listed answers are correct
the framing effect.
None of the listed answers are correct
computer neural networks.
telegraphic speech.
computer neural networks.
