Psych: Personality / Dissociative Disorders

Question 1

• “Weird”: Odd, Eccentric
• Accusatory, Aloof, Awkward
• Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal

Answer 1

Cluster A

Question 2

• “Wild”: Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic
• “Bad to the Bone”
• Mood Disorders, Substance Abuse

Answer 2

Cluster B

Question 3

• “Worried”: Anxious, Fearful
• Cowardly, Compulsive, Clingy
• Anxiety disorders

Answer 3

Cluster C

Question 4

• Cluster A
• Distrusful, Suspicious, Others are plotting to Harm or Deceive them
• Quick to interpret events or remarks as Threatening (sensitive)
• Emotionally distant
• Dx: Paranoid Schizophrenia, Paranoid Personality Disorder pts. DO NOT have fixed delusions and ARE NOT Psychotic
• Tx: Psychotherapy and Anti-psychotics

Answer 4

Paranoid

Question 5

• Cluster A
• Voluntary social withdrawal – “Loners”
• Does NOT desire Relationships or Sexual Encounters
• Solitary activities
• Indifferent to others
• Avoids personal contact
• Flattened affect and emotional detached
• Dx: Paranoid schizo, NO fixed delusions, NO frank psychosis, Schizotypal personality disorder: No magical thinking
• Tx: Psychotherapy

Answer 5

Schizoid

Question 6

• Cluster A
• Less severe then Schizophrenia
• Odd thought patterns, behavior, and beliefs
• Magical thinking
• Paranoid ideation
• Ideas of reference
• Inappropriate / Constricted affect
• Lifetime Suicide Rate = 10%
• Dx: Paranoid Schizo, Schizo peronality disorder

Answer 6

Schizotypal

Question 7

• Cluster B
• Forms intense but unstable relationshipss
• Fear of Abandonment
• Impulsive
• Feelings of Emptiness, Boredome, Unstable sense of Self
• Unable to control Anger and Impulses: Criminal, Violent
• Suicidal gestures w/ NO intent to commit but willing to take Gestures to Dangerous extremes
• Self injury (cutting)
• Splitting (alt. between Extremes of Idealization and Devaluation)
• Dx: Schizo, NOT frankly psychotic, Mania
• Tx: Varied course

Answer 7

Borderline

Question 8

• Cluster B
• Does not conform to Societal Laws (criminal behaviour)
• Disregard for Rights of Others
• Remoreseless, Reckless
• Deceitful, Aggressive, and Impulsive (wants Material gain and Subjugation)
• Dx: Drug abuse, Addiction
• Tx: Prison or Psychiatric Hospital, Psychotherapy, Caution w/ Rx

Answer 8

Antisocial

Question 9

• Cluster B
• Exaggerated sense of Self-worth and Entitlement
• Willing to exploit others for personal gain
• Arrogant, Demands attention
• Lack of Empathy for others
• Low Self-esteem underlies Outward Inflated sense of self
• Dx: Antisocial personality disorder (wants Status)

Answer 9

Narcissistic

Question 10

• Cluster B
• Center of Attention
• Inappropriately Seductive and Flirtatious (uses physical appearance to attract attention)
• Considers relationships to be more meaningful than they really are (Assumed Intimacy)
• Unable to maintain intimate relationships
• Defense mechanism of Regression, return to earlier Libidinal Phase
• Dx: Borderline Personality Disorder
• Tx: Psychotherapy

Answer 10

Histrionic

Question 11

• Cluster C
• Extreme Fear of Humiliation and Rejection
• Avoid interpersonal contact
• Feels inferior to others
• Dx: Social Phobia – Situations are scary, Embarrassment, Interpersonal concact, Fear of Rejection
• Tx: Psychotherapy, Systematic Desensitization, Cognitive therapy, B-blockers

Answer 11

Avoidant

Question 12

• Cluster C
• Extreme need to be Dependent from others for Emotional Support
• Unable to make decisions
• Poor Self-confidence
• Fear of being Deserted / Alone
• Tolerates abuse
• Dx: Avoidant but maintains relationships
• Tx: Psychotherapy, Assertiveness Training, Group Therapy, Cognitive Therapy

Answer 12

Dependent

Question 13

• Cluster C
• Perfectionism, Attention to Detail
• Hinders ability to Complete Tasks
• Devoted to Work
• Inflexible
• “Packrat”
• Cold and rigid in Intimate Relationships
• Dx: Recurrent obsessions and are Ego-dystonic, Motivated by work itself
• Tx: Psychotherapy, Cognitive therapy

Answer 13

Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder

(OCPD)

Question 14

• > 1 Episode of Inability to recall important personal information regarding a Traumatic event
• Symptoms cause significant impairment in daily living
• Women > Men, Adolecents / Young Adults > Elderly
• A/w other Mental Disorders
• Regain memory over days, Recurrences are uncommon
• Tx: Help recover lost memories, Hypnosis and Lorazepam, Psychotherapy

Answer 14

Dissociative Amnesia

Question 15

• Recurrent episodes of feeling Detached from Body or Mind (observers in their own lives)
• Pts. are aware of their own symptoms –> Significant distress
• Women > Men
• Age: 15 – 30
• Pts. have increased incidence of other Mental Disorders
• Chronic
• Tx: SSRI or Anti-anxiety drugs for MDD, Anxiety, etc.

Answer 15

Depersonalization Disorder

Question 16

• Inability to recall past events –> pts. confused about Personal Identity
• Pts. leave and start a whole new life
• Onset preceded by Stressful life event
• A/w Substance abuse, Mental illness (MDD), Head trauma
• Days to Years
• Upon regaining memories, Pts. is unaware of Loss of Memory
• Tx: Similar to Dissociative Amnesia: Hypnosis and Lorazepam, Psychotherapy

Answer 16

Dissociative Fugue

Question 17

• Pts. exhibit > 2 Distinct IDs (one is dominant)
• Switch which is in control
• Pts. do not recall the actions of other personalities
• Women > Men
• A/w Childhood abuse and Sexual abuse
• High incidence of other Mental Disorders (e.g. MDD)
• Pts. w/ Earlier Age of onset have poorer prognosis
• Tx: Hypnosis, Psychotherapy (insight-orientated)

Answer 17

Dissociative Identity Disorder

(Multiple Personality Disorder)