Psych Drugs Flashcards by James Wren

Withdrawal:

Tremulousness
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Anxiety
Psychomotor agitation
Nausea
Seizures
Hallucinations
DTs

Alcohol

Benzodiazepines

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Withdrawal:

Anxiety
Seizures
Delirium
Life-threatening cardiovascular collapse

Barbiturates

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Intoxication:

Disinhibition
Mood lability
Incoordination
Slurred speech
Ataxia
Blackouts
Respiratory depression

Alcohol

Benzodiazepines

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Intoxication:

Respiratory depression

Barbiturates

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Withdrawal:

Increased sympathetic activity
Nausea / Vomitting / Diarrhea
Diaphoresis
Rhinorrhea
Piloerection
Yawning
Stomach cramps
Myalgias / Arthralgias / Anxiety / Anorexia
Restlessness

Opiods

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Withdrawal:

Post-use “Crash”
Restlessness
HA
Hunger
Severe depression
Irritability
Insomnia
Hypersomnia
Strong psychological craving

Amphetamines

Cocaine

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Withdrawal:

May have recurrence of symptoms due to reabsorption in GI tract

PCP

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Withdrawal:

Irritability
Lethargy
HA
Increased appetitie
Weight gain

Nicotine

Caffeine

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Intoxication:

CNS depression
Nausea / Vomiting
Decreased pain perception
Decreased GI motility
Pupil Constriction
Respiratory depression

Opiods

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Intoxication:

Euphoria
Increased attention span
Aggressiveness
Psychomotor agitation
Pupil dilation
HTN and Tachycardia (cardiac arrhythmias)
Psychosis (paranoia w/ amphetamines)
Formication

Amphetamines

Cocaine

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Intoxication:

Belligerence
Impusiveness
Psychomotor agitation
Vertical / Horizontal nystagmus
Hyperthermia
Tachycardia
Ataxia
Psychosis
Homicidality

PCP

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Intoxication:

Altered perceptual states (hallucinations, distortions of time and space)
Elevation of mood
“Bad trips” (panic reaction)
Flashbacks (re-experience of the sensations in absence of drug use)

LSD

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Intoxication:

Euphoria
Anxiety
Paranoia
Slowed time
Social withdrawal
Increased appetitie
Dry mouth
Tachycardia
Amotivational syndrome

Cannabis

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Intoxication:

Restlessness
Insomnia
Anxiety
Anorexia

Nicotine

Cocaine

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Tertiary amine
Elavil
Highly anticholinergic
Very sedating

Amitriptyline

(1) Brand Name

Tertiary amine
Adapin, Sinequan, Silenor
Highly anticholinergic
Very sedating

Doxepin

(3) Brand Names

Tertiary Amine
Tofranil
Highly anticholinergic

Imipramine

(1) Brand Name

Tertiary Amine
Anafranil
Highly anticholinergic
Very Sedating
OCD responds very specifically to Clomipramine
May also be useful in those with Depression w/ marked Obsessive Features

Clomipramine

(1) Brand Name

Tertiary Amine
Surmontil
Highly anticholinergic
Very Sedating

Trimipramin

(1) Brand Name

Secondary Amine
Norpramin
Least Anticholinergic
Not sedating

Desipramine

(1) Brand Name

Secondary Amine
Pamelor
Aventyl
Less Anticholinergic

Nortriptyline

(2) Brand Names

Secondary Amine
Vivactil
SE: Psychomotor Stimulation
Less Anticholinergic
Non-sedating

Protriptyline

(1) Brand Name

Tetracyclic
Asendin
Asendas
May cause Extrapyramidal Syndrome and NMS (metabolite of Loxapine)
Less Anticholinergic

Amoxapine

(2) Brand Names

* Anticholinergic * Dry mouth * Blurry vision * Urinary retention * Constipation * Sedation * Orthostatic Hypotension (alpha-adrenergic blockade) * Tachycardia * Prolongation of Long QT interval * Weight Gain (antihistamine-1 effect)

Side Effects of Tricyclics and Tetracyclics

* Agitation * Akathisia * Anxiety * Panic * Insomnia * Diarrhea * Gastrointestinal distress * Headache * Sexual dysfunction * Delayed ejaculation or Impotence (male), anorgasmia (female) * Increased risk of Suicidal thoughts and Behaviors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Side Effects of SSRIs

* To avoid Fatal Serotonin Syndrome * No SSRI or SSNRI should be combined w/ a MAOI * A SSRI should be discontinued at least 5 wk before starting an MAOI

Additional SSRI concern?

* SSRI * Prozac * Used in the treatment of OCD

Fluoxetine (1) Brand Name

* SSRI * Zoloft * Used in the treatment of OCD * Causes diarrhea more commonly than others

Sertraline (1) Brand Name

* SSRI * Paxil * Mildly anticholinergic * Used in the treatment of OCD

Paroxetine (1) Brand Name

* SSRI * Luvox * Used in the treatment of OCD * Nausea and Vomiting common

Fluvoxamine (1) Brand Name

* SSRI * Celexa * Possibly fewer sexual side effects

Citalopram (1) Brand Name

* SSRI * Lexapro

Escitalopram (1) Brand Name

* SNRI * Effexor * Used to treat GAD and Social Anxiety * Anxiety; may increase blood pressure at higher doses * Headache * Insomnia * Sweating

Venlafaxine (1) Brand Name

* SNRI * Fetzima * Blood Pressure Increases * Nausea / vomiting * Sweating * Constipation * ED

Levomilnacipran (1) Brand Name

* SNRI * Pristiq

Desvenlafaxine (1) Brand Name

* SNRI * Cymbalta * Used for the treatment of GAD and Painful Diabetic Neuropathy

Duloxetine (1) Brand Name