Psych Drugs Flashcards
Withdrawal:
- Tremulousness
- Hypertension
- Tachycardia
- Anxiety
- Psychomotor agitation
- Nausea
- Seizures
- Hallucinations
- DTs
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
Withdrawal:
- Anxiety
- Seizures
- Delirium
- Life-threatening cardiovascular collapse
Barbiturates
Intoxication:
- Disinhibition
- Mood lability
- Incoordination
- Slurred speech
- Ataxia
- Blackouts
- Respiratory depression
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
Intoxication:
- Respiratory depression
Barbiturates
Withdrawal:
- Increased sympathetic activity
- Nausea / Vomitting / Diarrhea
- Diaphoresis
- Rhinorrhea
- Piloerection
- Yawning
- Stomach cramps
- Myalgias / Arthralgias / Anxiety / Anorexia
- Restlessness
Opiods
Withdrawal:
- Post-use “Crash”
- Restlessness
- HA
- Hunger
- Severe depression
- Irritability
- Insomnia
- Hypersomnia
- Strong psychological craving
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Withdrawal:
- May have recurrence of symptoms due to reabsorption in GI tract
PCP
Withdrawal:
- Irritability
- Lethargy
- HA
- Increased appetitie
- Weight gain
Nicotine
Caffeine
Intoxication:
- CNS depression
- Nausea / Vomiting
- Decreased pain perception
- Decreased GI motility
- Pupil Constriction
- Respiratory depression
Opiods
Intoxication:
- Euphoria
- Increased attention span
- Aggressiveness
- Psychomotor agitation
- Pupil dilation
- HTN and Tachycardia (cardiac arrhythmias)
- Psychosis (paranoia w/ amphetamines)
- Formication
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Intoxication:
- Belligerence
- Impusiveness
- Psychomotor agitation
- Vertical / Horizontal nystagmus
- Hyperthermia
- Tachycardia
- Ataxia
- Psychosis
- Homicidality
PCP
Intoxication:
- Altered perceptual states (hallucinations, distortions of time and space)
- Elevation of mood
- “Bad trips” (panic reaction)
- Flashbacks (re-experience of the sensations in absence of drug use)
LSD
Intoxication:
- Euphoria
- Anxiety
- Paranoia
- Slowed time
- Social withdrawal
- Increased appetitie
- Dry mouth
- Tachycardia
- Amotivational syndrome
Cannabis
Intoxication:
- Restlessness
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Anorexia
Nicotine
Cocaine
- Tertiary amine
- Elavil
- Highly anticholinergic
- Very sedating
Amitriptyline
(1) Brand Name
- Tertiary amine
- Adapin, Sinequan, Silenor
- Highly anticholinergic
- Very sedating
Doxepin
(3) Brand Names
- Tertiary Amine
- Tofranil
- Highly anticholinergic
Imipramine
(1) Brand Name
- Tertiary Amine
- Anafranil
- Highly anticholinergic
- Very Sedating
- OCD responds very specifically to Clomipramine
- May also be useful in those with Depression w/ marked Obsessive Features
Clomipramine
(1) Brand Name
- Tertiary Amine
- Surmontil
- Highly anticholinergic
- Very Sedating
Trimipramin
(1) Brand Name
- Secondary Amine
- Norpramin
- Least Anticholinergic
- Not sedating
Desipramine
(1) Brand Name
- Secondary Amine
- Pamelor
- Aventyl
- Less Anticholinergic
Nortriptyline
(2) Brand Names
- Secondary Amine
- Vivactil
- SE: Psychomotor Stimulation
- Less Anticholinergic
- Non-sedating
Protriptyline
(1) Brand Name
- Tetracyclic
- Asendin
- Asendas
- May cause Extrapyramidal Syndrome and NMS (metabolite of Loxapine)
- Less Anticholinergic
Amoxapine
(2) Brand Names
- Anticholinergic
- Dry mouth
- Blurry vision
- Urinary retention
- Constipation
- Sedation
- Orthostatic Hypotension (alpha-adrenergic blockade)
- Tachycardia
- Prolongation of Long QT interval
- Weight Gain (antihistamine-1 effect)
Side Effects of Tricyclics and Tetracyclics
- Agitation
- Akathisia
- Anxiety
- Panic
- Insomnia
- Diarrhea
- Gastrointestinal distress
- Headache
- Sexual dysfunction
- Delayed ejaculation or Impotence (male), anorgasmia (female)
- Increased risk of Suicidal thoughts and Behaviors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Side Effects of SSRIs
- To avoid Fatal Serotonin Syndrome
- No SSRI or SSNRI should be combined w/ a MAOI
- A SSRI should be discontinued at least 5 wk before starting an MAOI
Additional SSRI concern?
- SSRI
- Prozac
- Used in the treatment of OCD
Fluoxetine
(1) Brand Name
- SSRI
- Zoloft
- Used in the treatment of OCD
- Causes diarrhea more commonly than others
Sertraline
(1) Brand Name
- SSRI
- Paxil
- Mildly anticholinergic
- Used in the treatment of OCD
Paroxetine
(1) Brand Name
- SSRI
- Luvox
- Used in the treatment of OCD
- Nausea and Vomiting common
Fluvoxamine
(1) Brand Name
- SSRI
- Celexa
- Possibly fewer sexual side effects
Citalopram
(1) Brand Name
- SSRI
- Lexapro
Escitalopram
(1) Brand Name
- SNRI
- Effexor
- Used to treat GAD and Social Anxiety
- Anxiety; may increase blood pressure at higher doses
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Sweating
Venlafaxine
(1) Brand Name
- SNRI
- Fetzima
- Blood Pressure Increases
- Nausea / vomiting
- Sweating
- Constipation
- ED
Levomilnacipran
(1) Brand Name
- SNRI
- Pristiq
Desvenlafaxine
(1) Brand Name
- SNRI
- Cymbalta
- Used for the treatment of GAD and Painful Diabetic Neuropathy
Duloxetine
(1) Brand Name