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FA - Psychiatry > Psych - Pathology (Malingering, Factitious, Somatic, & Personality disorders) > Flashcards

Psych - Pathology (Malingering, Factitious, Somatic, & Personality disorders) Flashcards

Pg. 510-512 in First Aid 2014 Sections include: -Malingering -Factitious disorders -Somatic symptom and related disorders -Personality -Cluster A personality disorders -Cluster B personality disorders -Cluster C personality disorders -Keeping "schizo-" straight

1
Q

What defines Malingering? Emphasize key terms (in all caps) for the definition.

A

Patient CONSCIOUSLY fakes, profoundly exaggerates, or claims to have a disorder in order to attain a specific SECONDARY (EXTERNAL) GAIN (e.g., avoiding work, obtaining compensation).

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2
Q

What is important to known about Malingering patients in terms of clinical follow-up?

A

Poor compliance with treatment of follow-up of diagnostic tests.

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3
Q

What distinguishes Malingering from Factitious disorders?

A

Complaints cease after gain (vs. Factitious disorder).

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4
Q

Create a chart relating and distinguishing the following disorders: (1) Somatoform disorders (2) Factitious disorder (3) Malingering.

A

See p. 510 in First Aid 2014 for chart at top of page

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5
Q

What defines Factitious disorders?

A

Patient CONSCIOUSLY creates physical and/or psychological symptoms in order to assume “sick role” and to get medical attention (PRIMARY [INTERNAL] GAIN).

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6
Q

What are 2 types of Factitious disorders?

A

(1) Munchausen syndrome (2) Munchausen syndrome by proxy

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7
Q

What kind of disorder is Munchausen syndrome, and what kind of signs/symptoms predominate in it?

A

Chronic factitious disorder with predominantly physical signs and symptoms.

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8
Q

What characterizes Munchausen syndrome?

A

Characterized by a history of multiple hospital admissions and willingness to receive invasive procedures.

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9
Q

When does Munchausen syndrome by proxy occur? What is the motivation behind it?

A

When illness in a child or elderly patient is caused by the caregiver. Motivation is to assume a sick role by proxy.

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10
Q

Which type of factitious order is a form of child abuse? With what other kind of abuse is it associated?

A

Munchausen syndrome by proxy = Form of child/elder abuse

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11
Q

What defines/distinguishes Somatic symptom and related disorders?

A

Category of disorders characterized by physical symptoms with no identifiable physical cause. Both illness production and motivation are UNCONSCIOUS drives. Symptoms not intentionally produced or feigned.

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12
Q

In what gender are Somatic symptom and related disorders more common?

A

More common in women.

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13
Q

What are 3 types of Somatic symptom and related disorders?

A

(1) Somatic symptom disorder (2) Conversion disorder (3) Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)

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14
Q

What defines somatic symptom disorder?

A

Variety of complaints in one or more organ systems lasting for months to years.

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15
Q

With what occurrences are symptom disorders associated?

A

Associated with excessive, persistent thoughts and anxiety about symptoms.

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16
Q

With what condition may somatic symptom disorder co-occur?

A

May co-occur with medical illness.

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17
Q

What defines conversion disorder, and what often causes it?

A

Sudden loss of sensory or motor function (e.g., paralysis, blindness, mutism), often following an acute stressor

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18
Q

How may conversion disorder patients react to their symptoms?

A

Patient is aware of but sometimes indifferent towards symptoms (“la belle indifference”)

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19
Q

In what 3 patient populations is conversion disorder more common?

A

More common in females, adolescents, and young adults

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20
Q

What is another name for Illness anxiety disorder? What defines it?

A

Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis); Preoccupation with and fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and reassurance

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21
Q

What are 2 conditions related to personality?

A

(1) Personality trait (2) Personality disorder

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22
Q

What defines personality trait?

A

An enduring, repetitive pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and onself

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23
Q

What defines personality disorder?

A

Inflexible, maladaptive, and rigidly pervasive pattern of behavior causing subjective distress and/or impaired functioning

24
Q

How does a patient with personality disorder usually respond to their symptoms?

A

Person is usually not aware of problem.

25
Q

By what age group does personality disorder usually present?

A

Usually presents by early adulthood

26
Q

What are the personality disorder clusters? How should you distinguish/remember them, based on their symptoms?

A

Three clusters, A, B, and C; remember as “Weird, Wild, and Worried” based on symptoms.

27
Q

What are 2 ways to describe a person with Cluster A personality disorders? What is the one word used distinguish Cluster A from other clusters? What are 3 examples of behavior illustrating this distinguishing word?

A

Odd or eccentric; “Weird” (Accusatory, Aloof, Awkward)

28
Q

How do Cluster A personality disorders impact people’s social lives?

A

Inability to develop meaningful social relationships

29
Q

Is their psychosis in Cluster A personality disorders? With what condition does they have a genetic association?

A

No psychosis; genetic association with schizophrenia

30
Q

What are 3 types of Cluster A personality disorders?

A

(1) Paranoid (2) Schizoid (3) Schizotypal

31
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Paranoid? What defines it?

A

Cluster A personality disorders; Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness

32
Q

What is the major defense mechanism for Paranoid patients?

A

Projection is the major defense mechanism

33
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Schizoid? What 3 characteristics define it?

A

Cluster A personality disorders; Voluntary social withdrawal, limited emotional expression, content with social isolation (vs. avoidant); Think: “schizoiD = Distant”

34
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Schizotypal? What 3 characteristics define it?

A

Cluster A personality disorders; Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness; Think: “schizoTypal = magical Thinking”

35
Q

What are 3 ways to describe a person with Cluster B personality disorders? What is the one word used distinguish Cluster B from other clusters? What phrase illustrates this distinguishing word?

A

Dramatic, emotional, or erratic; “Wild” (Bad to the Bone)

36
Q

With what 2 conditions do Cluster B personality disorders have a genetic association?

A

Genetic association with mood disorders and substance abuse

37
Q

What are 4 types of Cluster B personality disorders?

A

(1) Antisocial (2) Borderline (3) HIstrionic (4) Narcissitic

38
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Antisocial? What defines it?

A

Cluster B personality disorders; Disregard for and violation of rights of others, criminality, impulsivity

39
Q

What gender has Antisocial personality disorder more?

A

males > females

40
Q

What are the age and past medical history requirements for Antisocial personality disorder?

A

Must be > 18 years old and have a history of conduct disorder before age 15. Conduct disorder if < 18 years old

41
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Borderline? What are 6 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster B personality disorders; (1) Unstable mood and (2) interpersonal relationships, (3) impulsiveness, (4) self-mutilation, (5) boredom, (6) sense of emptiness

42
Q

What gender has Borderline personality disorder more?

A

Females > Males

43
Q

What is the major defense mechanism used by patients with Borderline personality disorder?

A

Splitting is a major defense mechanism

44
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Histrionic? What are 4 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster B personality disorders; (1) Excessive emotionality and excitability, (2) attention seeking, (3) sexually provocative, (4) overly concerned with appearance

45
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Narcissistic? What are 6 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster B personality disorders; (1) Grandiosity, (2) sense of entitlement; (3) lacks empathy and (4) requires excessive admiration; (5) often demands the “best” and (6) reacts to criticism with rage

46
Q

What are 2 ways to describe a person with Cluster C personality disorders? What is the one word used distinguish Cluster C from other clusters? What are 3 examples of behavior illustrating this distinguishing word?

A

Anxious or fearful; “Worried” (Cowardly, Compulsive, Clingy)

47
Q

With what other kind of disorders do Cluster C personality disorders have a genetic association?

A

Genetic association with anxiety disorders

48
Q

What are 3 types of Cluster C personality disorders?

A

(1) Avoidant (2) Obsessive-compulsive (3) Dependent

49
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Avoidant? What are 5 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders; (1) Hypersensitive to rejection, (2) socially inhibited, (3) timid, (4) feelings of inadequacy, (5) desires relationships with others (vs. schizoid)

50
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Obsessive-compulsive? What are 2 major characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders; (1) Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control; (2) ego-syntonic: behavior consistent with one’s own beliefs and attitudes (vs. OCD)

51
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Dependent? What are 4 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders: (1) Submissive and (2) clinging, (3) excessive need to be take care of, (4) low self-confidence.

52
Q

With what other kind of disorders do Cluster C personality disorders have a genetic association?

A

Genetic association with anxiety disorders

53
Q

What are 3 types of Cluster C personality disorders?

A

(1) Avoidant (2) Obsessive-compulsive (3) Dependent

54
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Avoidant? What are 5 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders; (1) Hypersensitive to rejection, (2) socially inhibited, (3) timid, (4) feelings of inadequacy, (5) desires relationships with others (vs. schizoid)

55
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Obsessive-compulsive? What are 2 major characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders; (1) Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control; (2) ego-syntonic: behavior consistent with one’s own beliefs and attitudes (vs. OCD)

56
Q

In what Cluster of personality disorders is Dependent? What are 4 characteristics that define it?

A

Cluster C personality disorders: (1) Submissive and (2) clinging, (3) excessive need to be take care of, (4) low self-confidence.

FA - Psychiatry (12 decks)

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