Psych Final Flashcards
Effects of alcohol consumption/intoxication (13)
In any amount, alcohol is a depressant. Slowed neural function (judgement and inhibition), memory disruption, slowed body function (heavy drinking can suppress the vomit response and cause the body to overdose instead of throwing it up).
Effects of opiate use (brain production of endorphines)
Depress nervous system activity. Heroin, methadone, morphine, pleasure replaces pain and anxiety. When repeatedly flooded with artificial opioid, brain stops producing endorphins (natural opioids), can lead to really bad withdrawals.
Symptoms of depression, bipolar depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic
- Depression: Slowed movement and thinking, pain, more sleep, negative thinking, memory problems, isolation, anger, sadness, numbness, low motivation.
- Bipolar: Long mood swings from depression to mania. No more than 3 cycles a year. Hypomania (unregulated energy, no sleep, random sometimes dangerous behavior).
- Generalized anxiety disorder: Excessive worry, tension, fear, tightness in chest, stomach ache, heartburn, sleep deprivation, distress, people hate their anxiety.
- Panic: Form of anxiety disorder. Quick sudden out of control panic. Heart racing, jumpy or paralyzed, stomach ache, dry mouth, heartburn, pale skin, tingling sensation. Fight or flight without a target.
Schizophrenia, anorexia, bulimia, dissociative disorders
- Schizophrenia: biological disorder, fractions of reality. Positive (additional behaviors) of delusions, hallucinations, disorganization. Negative (dying brain) of diminished or inappropriate emotions and actions, lack of movement and speech.
- Anorexia: Body weight is significantly lower.
- Bulimia: Normal or slightly heavy body weight, binging and purging.
- Dissociative disorders: Separation from emotion or boredom. Multiple personality disorder and dissociative identity disorder go hand in hand (alters). Dissociative Fugue (disappear and try to start a new life, take on another identity). Dissociative Amnesia (huge parts of history forgotten). Depersonalization disorder (detached from mental process of body. checkout and daydreaming, they need to ground themselves).
Barbiturates
Tranquilizers for the nervous system activity. Calms you down but is extremely addictive and dangerous. Nembutal, Seconal, Amytal, for sleep or anxiety. Larger doses can impair memory and judgment.
Viral hypothesis for schizophrenia
Supported by the observation that stored serum from mothers of schizophrenic children showed evidence of maternal infection. Key prediction is that children born a few months after a flu outbreak are more likely to develop schizophrenia.
Tolerance
Brain chemistry adapts to offset the drug effect and larger doses of the drug are required to feel an effect.
Tolerance and marijuana
Marijuana contains THC, which lingers in the body for more than a week. Marijuana users develop tolerance, but repeated short-term uses increase the drugs presents.
Role of reinforcement in phobia
Reinforcement helps maintain learned fears and anxieties.
Problems/weaknesses of the DSM-5
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The problem is that it may classify normal behavior as psychiatric.
Resilience (14)
Building resilience can help trauma survivors experience happiness and growth.
Benzodiazepines
An anxiety drug that is cheap, easy, available, and was said to not be addictive, but they are very addictive. They also don’t treat, just sustain (like a band aid).
Tardive dyskinesia
Haldol (drug for schizophrenia) for years can cause uncontrolled motor function in the mouth.
Exposure therapies
Repeatedly exposing them to stimuli that trigger unwanted responses. Peter and the rabbit.
Cognitive interventions
Our thinking determines our feelings. How you react to loosing a job can determine if you get depression.
