Psych final Flashcards
Freud’s approach to therapy which may includes unconscious motives
psychoanalysis
To officially be called a __________ it needs to interfere with your daily life.
disorder
This disease is marked by extreme fear and caution
anxiety
Intense and irrational fear
phobia
Having the same thoughts over and over and repeating the same coping actions over and over
ocd
Traumatic events that are experienced in the form of dreams or flashbacks
ptsd
A condition where there is no apparent physical cause
somatoform
When an emotional difficulty is changed into a loss of a voluntary function
conversion disorder
Uncommon Alterations in memory, identity or consciousness is known as
Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Amnesia combined with a flight to a new location
Dissociative Fugue
Characterized by confused and disconnected thoughts, emotions and perceptions
Schizophrenia
A perception with no direct external cause
Hallucinations
Alternating between mania and depression
Bipolar disorder
A stress-producing event or situation
stressor
The body’s response to stress
stress reaction
Stress that comes from anxiety or pressure
distress
Stress that results from motivation or challenges
eustress
The body’s immediate response to stressors ________ or __________ response
Flight or Fight Response
what occurs when a stimulus activates a receptor
sensation
learning to control bodily states with the help of machines
monitoring the states to be controlled
Biofeedback
drugs that produce hallucinations
Hallucinogens
frequent interruptions of breathing during sleep
Sleep apnea
lightest level of sleep; slower pulse; brain waves slower
stage 1 - 2 of REM sleep
deeper sleep; even slower brain waves; very difficult to awaken from; important to physical/psychological well-being
stages 3 - 4 of REM sleep
“Rapid Eye Movement” (after going from Stage I-IV then back to I)
REM sleep
the rhythm of activity and inactivity that lasts about a day
The rhythm can be affected by things like travel and sleep disruption
Circadian rhythm
a state of consciousness resulting from a narrowed focus of
attention and characterized by heightened suggestibility
Hypnosis
a suggestion made during hypnosis that influences a person’s behavior afterward
Posthypnotic suggestion
the focusing of attention to clear one’s mind and produce
relaxation
Meditation
(a.k.a. narcotics, such as opium, morphine and heroin) can reduce pain, cause euphoria, and induce constipation. Overdose leads to respiratory failure
Opiates
the brain and spinal cord
Central nervous system
nerves branching beyond the spinal cord into the body (arms, legs, etc.)
Peripheral nervous system
Nerves are made of strings of long thin cells called
neurons
at rear base of skull; most basic processes of life
Hindbrain
covers the brain’s central core
Forebrain
Lobes of brain
Occipital, Parietal, Temporal, Frontal
Occipital lobe
vision
Parietal lobe
the senses
Temporal lobe
hearing, memory, emotion and speaking
Frontal lobe
organization, planning and creative thinking
verbal, Mathematical, Analytic
left hemisphere
Nonverbal, Spatial, Holistic
right hemisphere
the body’s chemical communication system;
it works through hormones in the bloodstream
Endocrine system
biological event in which a woman’s production of sex hormones is sharply reduced
Menopause
the desire, in middle age, to use one’s wisdom to guide future generations
Generativity
idea that physical and mental decline is unavoidable with old age
Decremental model of aging
the study of dying and death
Thanatology
a facility designed to care for the special needs of the dying
hospice
five stages of death
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
the study of how humans mature and why they develop as they do
Developmental psychology
mental representation of the world
Schema
fitting objects and experiences into one’s schema
Assimilation
adjusting a schema to include new objects & experiences
Accommodation
internally programmed growth of a child
Maturation
the realization that an object exists even if it can’t be seen
Object Permanence
a steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, produced mainly in the testes,
testosterone
sense of smell
Olfactory
the exclusion of distressing memories, thoughts, or feelings from the conscious mind
Repression
transmits electrical impulses from your eyes to your brain
Optic nerve
a nerve connecting the inner ear with the brain and carrying nerve impulses concerned with hearing and balance.
Auditory nerve
the process in which traits are passed down genetically from one generation to the next
Heredity
an extreme anxiety that takes the form of sudden panic attack
Panic disorder
frequent interruptions of breathing during sleep
Sleep apnea
sleep disruptions that occur during Stage IV, involving screaming, panic, or confusion
Night terrors
a condition characterized by suddenly falling asleep or feeling sleepy during the day
Narcolepsy
a technique used by psychoanalysts to interpret content of patient’s dreams
Dream analysis
person displays two or more personality states, each with its own patterns of thinking and behaving.
Dissociative identity
a state of consciousness resulting from a narrowed focus of
attention and characterized by heightened suggestibility
Hypnosis
the process of displacing one’s feelings onto a different person, animal, or object
Projection
a defense mechanism that involves an individual transferring negative feelings from one person or thing to another
Displacement
physical adaptation to a drug so that a person needs more to produce the original effect
Tolerance
an age at which language and grammar must be attained or the ability is lost forever
critical period
parents are the boss; feel they do not need to explain their actions
to their children; strong disciplinary methods
Authoritarian
parents are the ultimate boss, but they usually listen to their
children and offer explanations for their decisions; mixed disciplinary methods
Democratic
children have the final say; attempt to guide children
but usually give in to their demands; few rules set and sporadically enforced
Permissive (Laissez-faire)
egocentric parents who are usually uncommitted to their roles and distant from their children
uninvolved
most widely used and abused mind-altering substance. depressant
alcohol
a concept regarding the process by which an individual reaches his or her full potential.
Self-actualization
a theoretical perspective in psychology that emphasizes the role of learning and observable behaviors in understanding human and animal actions.
Behaviorism
nerves branching beyond the spinal cord into the body
Peripheral Nervous System
chemical messengers released from endocrine glands that influence the nervous system to regulate the physiology and behavior of individuals
Hormones
