Psych exam 3 pt.6 Flashcards
What is attachment?
an emotional bond with a specific person that endures across space and time, it gives the child a sense of comfort and security
What was the Harlow monkey experiment and what did we learn from it
This experiment tested monkeys to see if they craved food or comfort. The monkey was given two “forms” of its mother: a wire mesh mother with a bottle so the baby could feed and a terry cloth mother with a sense of comfort.We learned that the babies would prefer the mother of comfort rather than the mother who feeds.
what was the bowlby experiment?
It was an “Attachment Theory,” which posits that infants have a biological predisposition to form strong emotional bonds with caregivers, crucial for their development and future social interactions
How many phases of attachment did bowly believe there were?
4 stages
What do you need to know about the preattachment phase?
Occurs from birth to 6 weeks, when children will emit signals to keep the mother nearby, such as grasping, crying, and smiling. At this point, they don’t show any distress when a stranger is holding them
What do we need to know about the Attachment in the making stage?
It occurs between 6 weeks to 6-8 months, and this is when the baby starts to show preference for primary care and starts to develop trust and anticipation, but they still don’t show strangers of separation anxiety.
What do we need to know about clear cut attachment stage?
Occurs from 6-8 months to 18-24 months. This is when we start to see separation anxiety occur, and they secure base behavior and social referencing. They will actively seek contact and greet the parent
What do you need to know about Formation of reciprocal relationships?
This occurs from 18-24 months and up, and this is when children understand comings and goings, goals, and motivations, they start to lose the separation anxiety but they still try to negotiate to keep a parent present
How do we know if attachment is successful?
the child feels comfortable exploring when the caregiver is present and shows distress when the caregiver leaves. A child with secure attachment is easily soothed when the caregiver returns
What factors determine whether a child will develop attachment or not?
he quality of caregiving they receive from their primary caregiver, particularly their responsiveness to the child’s needs, with other influencing factors including the child’s temperament, caregiver’s own attachment history, and broader social and cultural context.
What was Ainsworth’s (strange situation) theory?
He believed that attachment should result in secure base behavior, separation anxiety, stranger anxiety, and the ability to be comforted by a caregiver. This occurs around 1-2 years of age
What is secure attachment?
The child has a secure base, shows distress when the parent leaves, prefers the parent over the stranger, and the reunion reduces distress
What is Insecure-Avoidant attachment?
The child is unresponsive to the parent when they are present, and show no distress when the parent leaves
What is Insecure-Resistant attachment?
They stay close to their parent rather than exploring their surroundings, they heavily cry when their parent leaves, and are angry and resistant upon the parent reunion
What is insecure-disorganized/ disoriented attachment?
When reunited with the parent, the child shows a variety of behaviors, such as looking away when being held or approaching when with a flat and depressed expression. The child may unexpectedly cry even after being calmed down
