psych chapter 8 Flashcards
motivation
biological, emotional, cognitive, or social factors that activate and direct behavior
theories of motivation
instinct drive incentive arousal humanistic
instinct theory of motivation
view that certain human behaviors are innate and due to evolutionary programming
instinctual behavior patterns
limit: not all behavior can be classified as instinct
drive theory of motivation
behavior is motivated to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological need
(hunger, thirst)
doesn’t motivate all behavior like eating is not only bc were hungry
incentive theory of motivation
motivated behavior is pulled by an incentive goal
stronger motivated longer hanging on
some behaviors can’t recognize because no reward
arousal theory of motivation
motivated behavior seeks to maintain desired level of stimulation
research says some people with high need for arousal most likely to do drugs
limit: too high/low arousal can be dangerous
humanistic theory of motivation
maslow and rogers
be the best you can be
people motivated to reach their highest potential
energy homeostasis
helps maintain baseline body weight
positive energy balance
taking in more calories than needed
negative energy balance
not taking in enough calories needed
statiation
feeling of fullness and sensation to stop eating
stretch receptors
receptors in stomach that communicate sensory info to the brainstem
cholecystokinin (CCK)
released by small intenstine
produces statiatioin
short term signals to regulate eating
stretch receptors
statitation
cck hormone
sensory specific statiety
long-term signals to regulate body weight
leptin
insulin
neuropeptide y (npy)
leptin
appetite suppressant
secreted by body fat into blood stream
high brain level result in low food intake and high hormone cck
low brain levels trigger eating behvaior
cck makes you more aware of when you’re full
insulin
hormones secreted by pancreas
inc brain level to reduce food intake
dec trigger eating
neuropeptide y (NPY)
during periods of neg energy balance low leptin and insulin promote secretion of neurotransmitter nyp
triggers eating behavior, reduces motabolism, promotes fat storage
body mass index
numerical scale indicating adult height in relationi to weight calculated by 703 x lbs/ height in inches 1/3 of adult population are overweight 1/3 medically obese 17% of children are obsese 10% 2-5 yr olds
