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Term 2 > Psych Ch. 16 > Flashcards

Psych Ch. 16 Flashcards

1
Q

What is resistance?

A

The patient has cognitive
mechanisms to avoid directly confronting
the issue

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2
Q

What is transference?

A

Feelings for important people in the patient’s life (e.g., parents) can be projected on to the therapist

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3
Q

What is counter transference?

A

Redirection of feelings from the therapist to the client

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4
Q

Psychoanalysis involves:

A

Case studies: detailed write ups of patients
* Dream analysis: meanings in dreams
* Free association: a type of brainstorming
about the meaning of different experiences
* Analysis of mistakes (Freudian slips &
Parapraxes)

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5
Q

What is a freudian slip?

A

slip of the tongue that is motivated by and reveals some unconscious aspect of the mind

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6
Q

What is a projective test?

A

Personality tests in which ambiguous images are presented to an individual to elicit responses that reflect unconscious,desires or conflicts

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7
Q

Rorschach inkblot test

A

A test in which people are asked to
describe what they see on the
inkblot; psychologists interpret this
description using a standardized
scoring and interpretation method

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8
Q

What is the thematic apperception test (TAT)

A

A test that asks respondents to tell
stories about ambiguous pictures
involving various interpersonal
situations

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9
Q

What is the rational for TAT

A

How people perceive others may be a projection of how they perceive themselves

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10
Q

What is free association

A

The process of saying freely
whatever comes to mind in
connection with dreams,
memories, fantasies, or conflicts

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11
Q

Goals of psychodynamic theory?

A

Help people understand current
symptoms; explore and gain
perspective on defended-against
thoughts and feelings

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12
Q

techniques of psychodynamic therapy

A

Client-centered face-to-
face meetings; exploration of past
relationship troubles to understand
origins of current difficulties

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13
Q

What is humanist therapy

A

A form of psychotherapy based on
the philosophy of humanism, which
emphasizes the client’s free will to
change rather than past conflicts

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14
Q

How did the humanist movement change psychology?

A

Instead of looking at unconscious conflicts, they focused on how people become self-actualized and fulfil their higher motivations

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15
Q

What did Carl Rogers develop?

A

a type of therapy called client-centered therapy, or person-centered therapy

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16
Q

What did carl rogers hypothesize were the three necessities of growth?

A
  • Genuineness (openness): knowing who
    you are, and being open with others
    about that
  • Unconditional positive regard
    (acceptance): from others, and also that
    this is the role of the therapist to provide
  • Empathy (being listened to and
    understood): feeling that others known
    and understand you
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17
Q

What is unconditional positive regard

A

love or support given to another person
with no conditions attached

18
Q

What is empathy

A

refers to ability of therapist to understand and accept what the client says

19
Q

client-centered therapy in sum

A

Client-Centered Therapy focuses on individuals’ ability to solve their own problems and reach their full potential

20
Q

how do client-centered therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies

A
  • People’s feelings and thoughts in the present moment, not past conflicts
  • Conscious thoughts [not unconscious wishes]
  • Taking responsibility for one’s feelings and
    actions [not seeking hidden motives]
  • Promoting growth and self-actualization—not just managing to get through the day
21
Q

what is behavior therapy?

A

application of learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

22
Q

What is systematic desensitization

A

Step-by-step process of desensitizing a
client to a feared object or experience

23
Q

Counter conditioning

A

Process of pairing a conditioned stimulus with a stimulus that elicits a response that is
incompatible with an unwanted conditioned response

24
Q

What is flooding

A

a form of exposure therapy that is like ripping off the band aid or learning to swim by
jumping into the deep end of the pool

25
Q

What is the advantage and disadvantage of flooding

A

is quick, but also slightly traumatic

26
Q

how do aversive conditioning work

A

People very rapidly become conditioned to dislike something when it’s been paired with a
nausea-inducing stimulus

27
Q

What is cognitive therapy

A

A form of therapy designed to identify and change irrational, unproductive ways of thinking and, hence, to reduce negative emotions

28
Q

What is CBT

A

Cognitive behavioral Therapy. Integration of cognitive therapy
(changing self-defeating thinking)
with behavior therapy (changing
unwanted behaviors)

29
Q

What is the bahvior and cognitive aspects of CBT

A

The behavioral part might be selective
exposure to the stimulus…

  • The cognitive part would be
    addressing the wrong thoughts the
    person has about flying…
30
Q

What is cognitive therapy?

A

teaching the client new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting

31
Q

what is the cognitive model

A

that thoughts, feelings and behavior are all connected

32
Q

Cognitive therapy and antidepressant medication have comparable short-term effects BUT…

A

CBT is more longterm

33
Q

How might medication and therapy produce additive effects?

A

Perhaps through different mechanisms of action (see figure)
* These treatments might thus result in end states that are similar: normalized amygdala and Prefrontal Cortex activity

34
Q

Family therapy was developed to …

A

look at problems in the context of the family unit

35
Q

What is family therapy?

A

Perspective that holds than an
individual’s problem develops in the
context of the family, sustained by
family dynamics, and that changes
affect all members of the family

36
Q

What is the family perspective

A

Approach that identifies how each
family member forms a larger part of
an interacting system

37
Q

Deterioration

A

anywhere from 3-10% of individuals become worse following psychological treatment

38
Q

Psychosurgery

A

Any surgical procedure that destroys selected areas of the brain believed to be involved in
emotional disorders or violent, impulsive behavior

39
Q

What was the original name for lobotomy?

A

leucotomy

40
Q

the good and bad of lobotomies

A

Lobotomies did reduce
emotional anguish (anxiety,
obsessions, compulsions, etc.).
* However: Also became childish,
were unemployable, some
became vegetative

41
Q

ECT

A

Electric convulsive therapy. Passing an electrical current through
the brain in order to induce a
temporary seizure

42
Q

rTMS

A

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS). Involves the use of a pulsing
coil held to a person’s skull at the left prefrontal (used formilder stimulation)

Term 2 (11 decks)

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