psych 1

Question 1

fundamental attribution error

Answer 1

The fundamental attribution error is when we wrongly judge someone’s behavior as being mainly because of their personality, ignoring the influence of the situation or circumstances they’re in.

Let’s say you’re driving and someone cuts you off in traffic. If you automatically think, “That driver is such a reckless and rude person,” without considering that maybe they were in a hurry to get to the hospital or didn’t see you because of a blind spot, you’re making the fundamental attribution error.

Question 2

Study by Darley & Batson (1973)

Answer 2

Of those who were running late, only 10% stopped to help

Of those who were on time , 60% stopped to help

Question 3

Kurt Lewin

Answer 3

proposed that behavior (B) is a function (f) of both the person (p) and the environment (e).

Question 4

Prosocial behavior

Answer 4

any action that benefits another person

Question 5

Types of Helping

Answer 5

Casual
-Casual helping is when you assist strangers with small acts, often in public

Emergency
- Emergency helping is when you assist strangers in critical situations, often at personal risk or significant time and effort.

Emotional
- Emotional helping is when we support our family and close friends with simple acts that don’t ask much from us.

Substantial Personal Helping
- Substantial personal helping is when we assist our close ones with more significant efforts or sacrifices.

Question 6

Egoistic motives

Answer 6

Motivations for helping that are self-centered, such as personal gain or avoiding guilt.

Question 7

Altruistic motives

Answer 7

Motivations for helping that are focused on the well-being of others, without regard for personal gain.

Question 8

Bystander intervention

Answer 8

The act of helping someone in distress observed by others.

Question 9

Whistleblowing

Answer 9

Reporting organizational problems to external authorities.

Question 10

Unresponsive bystander

Answer 10

Refers to individuals who fail to intervene or provide assistance in emergency situations, despite being aware that help is needed.

Question 11

Latane and Darley (1970) Study:

Answer 11

Study Objective:
Investigated bystander behavior in emergency situations.

Findings:
Raised questions about why bystanders sometimes fail to intervene in emergencies. Their work highlighted the phenomenon of the “unresponsive bystander” and sparked significant interest in understanding the factors influencing prosocial behavior and bystander intervention.