PSYC112 Key reminders for exam Flashcards

1
Q

Defence mechanisims for desires

A

Displacement
Reaction formation
Projection
Isolation

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2
Q

Displacement defence mechanisim

A

Redirecting impulses to a more socially acceptable channel

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3
Q

Reaction formation defence mechanisim

A

Original wish is supplanted with a wish of the opposite nature

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4
Q

Projection defence mechanisim

A

Projecting urges onto others

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5
Q

Isolation defence mechanisim

A

Awareness of memories but not emotions
Dissociating from emotions

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6
Q

Actor-observer effect =

A

Making internal attributions for others failures
But external attributions for our failures
ETC

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7
Q

Self serving bias =

A

People taking credit for their success but not failures

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8
Q

Piaget’s perceived stages of cognitive development;

A

Sensorimotor stage
Pre-operational stage
Concrete operations stage
Formal operations stage

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9
Q

Age of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage

A

0-2

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10
Q

Age of pre-operational stage

A

2-7

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11
Q

Piaget’s Concrete operations stage age?

A

7 to 12

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12
Q

Piaget’s formal operations stage age

A

12+

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13
Q

What’s inside sensorimotor

A

Object permanence
Schema formation
Representational thought

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14
Q

Whats inside pre-operational

A

Language
Counting
Logical + symbollic thinking
Object manipulation

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15
Q

Whats inside concrete operations

A

Logcial analysis
Not egocentric
Cause + effect understanding

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16
Q

What’s insdie formal operations

A

Abstract reasoning
Metacognition

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17
Q

Object permanence age progression…

A

0-3
3-5
5-8
8-12
12+

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18
Q

Progression of object permanence skills…

A

Looking at cool stuff
Look at last place but no search
Anticipate the future place but no search
A not B search
Search in last place seen

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19
Q

IC’s in…
1930’s =
Prior =

A

= Bad, missing stuff
= Spiritual

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20
Q

3 Kholberg stages

A

Pre-conventional
Conventional
Post-conventional

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21
Q

Pre-conventional

A

Focused on self
Avoiding punisment and authority

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22
Q

Conventional level

A

Focused on others
Maintaining relationships and social order

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23
Q

Post conventional

A

Focused on ethics and principles

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24
Q

Kholberg’s stages show how we progress from consdieirng …. to …

A

Go from considering self to considering the broader things

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25
Scribbling stage
Not representational
26
Pre-schematic stage
Tadpoles
27
Early schematic stage
Seperation of trunk and head Schema developed
28
Later schematic stage
Substance added Neck
29
Realistic stage
Detail - expressions, clothes etc
30
Period of indecision stage
Keep going or no
31
2 physiological responses + duration
SAM - immediate HPA - longer term
32
SAM
Activation of sympathetic neurons Activate adrenal glands Produce .... adrenaline things
33
HPA
Anterior pituatary gland Adrenal glands Production of cortisol
34
Coping strategies for stress
1. Problem focused 2. Emotion focused 3. Avoidance 4. Social support
35
Avoidance strategies
Active - gym Cognitive - book Denial Humor Drugs
36
Prolem focused strats
Problem solving Restructing Optimisim
37
Emotion focused strats
Cry Blame - self + others Rumanisim Optimisim Acceptance
38
Social support strats
Appraisal support Belonging support Tangible support
39
Therapy approaches to stress
1. Cognitive behaviour 2. Acceptance 3. Dilectial behaviour 4. Pharmacotherpy
40
Pacifica models of health
Fonofale Te Vaka Atafaga Seitapu framework
41
Maori models of health
Te whare tapa wha Whiti te ra Meihana
42
Te Whare Tapa Wha Model
Taha Tinana Taha Hinengaro Taha Wairua Taha Whanau
43
Whiti Te Ra model themes
Reo Maori = language Taiao = connection to envrionment Wairua = spiritual beliefs Mahi-a-toi = art forms Whanau = social/ relations Whakapapa = intergenerational relationships
44
Meihana model - waka bit contains...
Waka In between = Tinana Hinengaro Wairua Taiao Iwi katoa = services and systems
45
Meihana model, 4 winds are...
Colonisation Racisim Migration Marginilsation
46
Meihana model, 4 currents are...
Ahua Tikanga Whanau Whenua
47
Fonofale pacifica model of health = a.... What is the base + roof
House Base = family Roof = culture
48
What are the pillars of Fonofale model
Physical Mental Spiritual Other
49
What are the outside factors of Fonodale model
Context Time Envrionment
50
Te Vaka Atafaga model is a....
Waka with elder at front
51
Elements of Te Vaka Atafaga model
Envrionment Spiritual Physcial Family Social support Mind
52
Seitapu has a focus on... Is the ... one
The worker (us) Is the rings one
53
Seitapu Centre = Rings =
Centre = us Rings = Health sector Ethics Orginization Tapu Language Families
54
Seitapu leaves = + What they need to do
Clinical theory Cultural theory Cultural practice Clinical practice ALL NEED TO BALANCE
55
2 Seitapu Boarders
Consumer And families
56
4 key things to consider for pacifica:
Families Language Tapu Orginisation
57
Why need to consider families
Key to recovery
58
Why need to consider Language
To get a medium for effective communication
59
Why need to consider Tapu
Their values for working etc What they care about
60
Why need to consider orginisation
Workers capacity to effectively work with them
61
Between subjects design
Experience one - not all
62
Within subjects design
Experience all levels
63
Psychodynamic approach to treatment (aim+results)
Aim: clients acheive insight on how the psychodynamic processes affect their functioning - focus on dreams, past and free association Eg; look at card and say what they see Results: no evidence of this being effective
64
Behaviour approach to treatment (aim)
Clients identify that the behaviours are the cause of the disorder - trying to reinforce good behaviours rather than punishing bad ones Eg; exposure therapy in VR
65
Cognitive approach to treatment (aim)
Clients identify and address maladaptive thoughts beliefs and assumptions Eg; becks cognitive therapy + third wave
66
Cluster a,b,c = (key words)
Odd or eccentric Dramatic Anxious
67
Cluster A disorders
Paranoid personality d Schizoid personality d Schizotypal personality d
68
Cluster B disorders
Anti social personality d Boarderline personality d Histronic personality d Narcissistic personality d
69
Cluster C disorders
Avoidant personality d Dependant personality d Obsessive compulsive personality d
70
Criteria for major depressive disorder
Low mood, loss of interest and loss of pleasire Wight loss or gain Sleep/ energy dificuilties Changes in motor movements Feelings of worthlessness Dificuilties with concentration Thoughts of self harm
71
Episodes in bipolar disorder
Major depressive episodes - hard to care for self Depressive episodes - can care for self but not happy Maniac episodes - talk fast, manic movements, impulse choices Hypomaniac episodes - feel great, not enaging in super risky behaviours
72
Bizzare = Persecutory = Nihilistic = Referential =
= Impossible = False with others = Ending world = Message only for them
73
4 neurodevelopmental disorders
Intellectual disability Learning disorders Autisim spectrum disorders ADHD
74
2 behavioural disruptive disorders
Oppositional defiant = no authority Conduct disorder = extreme
75
Insomnia criteria
Dissatisfaction with sleep for at least 3 months - quality or quantity Across 1 or more of the following areas - Falling asleep - Maintaining sleep - Early morning waking Which causes distress
76
Criteria for binge eating disorder
Recurrent episodes of binge eating (large amount) 3 or more of: - Eating more rapidly than normal - Eating until feeling uncomfortably full - Eating when not physically hungry - Eating alone (hiding it) - Feeling guilt afterwards Functional impairment Frequency must be: at least once a week for 3 months or more No compensation
77
BMI’s underweight = normal weight = overweight = obese =
Under 18.5 18.5 - 25.0 25.0 - 30 30+
78
4 criteria of Bulimia Nervosa Criteria
Recurrent episodes of binge eating (high emounts) Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviour (vommiting, laxitives, fasting, excessive exersise etc) Frequency A + B once a week for 3 months or more Self concept unduly influenced by shape and body weight
79
Key difference between Binge eating and Bulimia =
Binge has no compensatory strategies after but bulimia does
80
3 Anorexia Nervosa Criteria
Restriction of energy intake Intense fear of gaining weight even though underweight Any of the following: - Dential of severity - Disturbance in the perception of body weight or shape - Undue influence of body weight or shape on self concept
81
Key difference between anorexia and bulimia is…
Anorexia has low BMI and intense fear of not gaining weight
82
An eating disorder focuses on… A body dismorphic disorder focuses on…
Food Defects in body
83
Within subjects =
All levels experienced by all participants
84
Between subjects =
Not all levels experienced by all participants
85
Hypothesis of lab 1 (stroop)
The reactions times would be longer in the color word condition than in the non-color word condition or in the rectangle condition Percentage of errors would be highest in the color word condition
86
Hypothesis of Lab 2 (social influence)
For discussed issues, participants private opinions would shift towards the mean group opinion For non discussed issues, there would be little to no change to private opinions
87
Hypothesis for Lab 3 (Group behaviour)
Participants will rate the outcome (clothing) of their own group (in-group) as better than the outcome of the other groups (out groups) Internal attributions for success will be higher for the in group than for out group External attributions for success will be higher for the out group than for the in group
88
Hypothesis for lab 5 (interview techniques)
Adults would report more touches than children Adults would have higher accuracy scores than children
89
Hypothesis for lab 6 (first impressions)
Study 1: When judging who looks more competent, participants will select elected candidates more often than non-elected candidates Study 2: When judging who looks more likable, participants will select elected candidates and non-elected candidates equally often
90
Hypothesis for lab 7 (categorical perception)
Speech sounds would be perceived categorically In contrast, it was predicted that non-speech sounds would be perceived non-categorically
91
Hypothesis for lab 8 (evaluating the sensation seeking scale)
1. Predictive validity: The overall SSS score will be positively correlated with the average bet 2. Split half validity: The odd and even numbered items on the SSS will be positively correlated with each other
92
Hypothesis for lab 9 (stress)
Heart rate and perceived level of stress would be similar for the baseline and relaxing but elevated immediately after the 4 mins of math problems.