Psy15 Chapter 13: Aggression

Question 1

hostile aggression

Answer 1

Behavior intended to harm another, either physically or psychologically, and motivated by feelings of anger and hostility.

Question 2

instrumental aggression

Answer 2

Behavior intended to harm another in the service of motives other than pure hostility (for example, to attract attention, to acquire wealth, or to advance political and ideological causes)

Question 3

frustration

Answer 3

The internal state that accompanies the thwarting of an attempt to achieve some goal.

Question 4

learned helplessness

Answer 4

Passive and depressed responses that individuals show when their goals are blocked and they feel that they have no control over their outcomes

Question 5

culture of honor

Answer 5

A culture that is defined by its members’ strong concerns about their own and others’ reputations, leading to sensitivity to slights and insults and a willingness to use violence to avenge any perceived wrong or insult

Question 6

rape-prone cultures

Answer 6

Cultures in which rape tends to be used as an act of war against enemy women, as a ritual act, and as a threat against women so that they will remain subservient to men

Question 7

inclusive fitness

Answer 7

The evolutionary tendency to look out for ourselves, our offspring, and our close relatives together with their offspring, so that our genes will survive and be passed on in future generations

Question 8

dehumanization

Answer 8

The tendency to attribute nonhuman characteristics to groups other than one’s own - for example, by referring to them as rats, dogs, pigs, or vermin.

Question 9

reactive devaluation

Answer 9

The tendency to attach less value to an offer in a negotiation once the opposing group makes it

Question 10

reactive devaluation

Answer 10

The tendency to attach less value to an offer in a negotiation once the opposing group makes it