Psy15 Chapter 10: Relationships and Attraction Flashcards
communal relationships
Relationships in which the individuals feel a special responsibility for one another and give and receive according to the principle of need; such relationships are often long-term
exchange relationships
Relationships in which individuals feel little responsibility toward one another; giving and receiving are governed by concerns about equity and reciprocity
social exchange theory
A theory based on the idea that all relationships have costs and rewards, and that how people feel about a relationship depends on their assessments of its costs and rewards and costs and rewards available to them in other relationships
equity theory
A theory that maintains that people are motivated to pursue fairness, or equity, in their relationships; rewards and costs are shared roughly equally among individuals
attachment theory
A theory about how our early attachments with our parents shape our relationships for the rest of our lives
secure attachment style
An attachment style characterized by feelings of security in relationships. Individuals with this style are comfortable with intimacy and want to be close to others during times of threat and uncertainty
anxious-preoccupied style
An attachment style characterized by dependency or “clinginess.” People with an anxious-preoccupied style tend not to have a positive view of themselves, but they value and seek out intimacy
dismissive-avoidant style
An attachment style characterized by independence and self-reliance. People wiht a dismissive-avoidant style seek less intimacy with others and deny the importance of close relationships.
fearful-avoidant style
An attachment style characterized by ambivalence and discomfort toward close relationships. People with a fearful-avoidant style desire closeness with others but feel unworthy of others’ affection and so do not seek out intimacy.
propinquity
Physical proximity
functional distance
The tendency of an architectural layout to encourage or inhibit certain activities, including contact between people
mere exposure effect
The finding that repeated exposure to a stimulus (for example, an object or person) leads to greater liking of the stimulus
complementarity
The tendency for people to seek out others with characteristics that are different from and that complement their own
halo effect
The common belief - accurate or not - that attractive individuals possess a host of positive qualities beyond their physical appearance
reproductive fitness
The capacity to get one’s genes passed on to subsequent generations.
