Psilocybin Lecture Slides Flashcards
psilocybin is ? similar to LSD
lipid soluble
what happens when psilocybin is injected and not ingested?
high time is reduced by half the time
–> metabolites are effective so you need first past metabolism
effects are ? dependent?
- what happens at a low dose (4-5mg)?
- what happens at a high dose (15+mg)?
dose
- social, warm, down to earth, grounded
- resembles LSD, prone to ‘bad’ trip
all high ares how long? despite dose
- 2-5 hours
what dose the set and setting have to do with taking psilocybin?
- “tone” of the trip is related to the environment, want to be in a calm chill place not aversive place
is Psilocybin an agonist or an antagonist?
partial agonist
what effects does it have on serotonin (5HT2a)
partial agonist: distorts time perception, timing, rythym
–> subjective feeling of time slowing down
–> inability to coordinate with any tempo above 2-2.5s
(prefrontal cortex)
at a low dose what other effect dose it have resulting from interacting with serotonin?
increases sense of humour
two speculations of interactions with dopamine and the basal ganglia
- might involve timed performance (permissive hypothesis: excess serotonin creating excess dopamine, another problem, no affinity for the D2 receptor (inhibitory) )
- responsible for relaxed feelings at low doses
explain tolerance of psilocybin
- is there cross tolerance?
acute. 4-7 days to dissipate, take within that you wont get the same effects
- cross tolerance with LSD and Phenethylamines
describe potentiation of psilocybin
–> potential complication for what?
when we inhibit the MAO receptors we get a longer high
–> complication for MDD, in MDD already on a MAO inhibitor so MAO will be all taken up with the psilocybin, your depression symptoms will rise
is there observable dependence?
NO (ps Ems a loser)
sometimes death occurs as a result of what?
mushroom misidentification
3 therapeutic effects:
- alleviation of OCD symptoms (study where ppl walked out of their houses for the first time in forever)
- anxiolytics
- increase mystical spiritual meaning. “good friday experiment”: lower chances of all bad stuff and toxicity
the therapeutic effects are due to the reduction of?
5HT2a receptors
what is ibotonic acid?
what is it structurally similar too?
what is it functionally similar too?
- type of mushroom
- glutamate (non glutamate receptor agonist)
- acetylcholine (agonist to NDMA)
what is the metabolite of ibotonic acid? is it active?
muscimol, YES
when ibotonic acid is ingested, what are the subjective and objective effects?
subjective: euphoria and vivid coloured hallucinations
objective: sedation and dissociation, exitotoxicity leading to small seizures in brain = brain damage
what [protects against exictotoxicity? how?
dextromethorpan. has a low affinity binding antagonism