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PSYCH 345A Final > LSD Lecture Slides > Flashcards

LSD Lecture Slides Flashcards

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1
Q

what is LSD synthesized from?

- what is this used for?

A

alkaloid - ergoline (fungus)

—> toxic, used to reduce bleeding / increase contractions

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2
Q

what was synthesized in 1943 from ergoline?

  • what is this similar too?
  • what was its street name?
A

LSD Indole?

  • serotonin
  • “acid”
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3
Q

LSD and indole, are very volatile. what does this mean?

A
  • water soluble, oxidation resistant, photosensitivity resistant,
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4
Q

LSD is highly potent, what #ug?

and what are the sympathomimetic symptoms?

A
  • 50-150ug

- increased BP and Heart rate

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5
Q

what are the time periods for onset, plateau and peak of the process of LSD ?

A

onset: 30 min
plateau: 30min- 2 hours
peak: 3-5 hours

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6
Q

describe the onset phase

A

no physiological effects, sensation of relaxation “release of tension”

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7
Q

describe the plateau phase

A
  1. “images” with eyes closed
  2. synaesthesia
  3. perception of multiple level reality
  4. distorted (exaggerated/strange) visual input
    - -> locus coeruleus/ visual cortex
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8
Q

describe the peak phase

A
  1. emotion/ panic swings
  2. feeling of timeliness
  3. disembodiment of “ego-disintegration”
    - -> prefrontal cortex
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9
Q

the effects of LSD are similar to what what NT does in the visual cortex?

A

serotonin

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10
Q

are the effects of LSD agonism or antagonism?

A

agonism

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11
Q

what happens in the visual cortex?

A

decreased activity of 5HT1a and 5HT2a in the occipital lobe = disruption of object completion (seeing the full triangle)

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12
Q

what happens in the locus coeruleus with serotonin?

- what does this result in?

A

metabotropic receptors of serotonin 5HT2a inhibit other serotonin receptors, excite 2a receptors on glutamate1 and GABA2. (GABA shuts down activity of other activation so images can be more specific)

  • -> increased sensory signals
  • -> decreased spontaneous signals (noise) (refined signals)
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13
Q

what happens with glutamate?

A

induces glutamate release int he cerebral cortex, glutamate is excitatory and thus facilitates reinterpretations of sensory info (explains why perception is altered/illusion)

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14
Q

what is james lang theory?

A

interaction between DA and serotonin explains psychotic actions (things get scary). FIRST YOUR EMOTIONS, THEN YOUR COGNITION

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15
Q

explain the tolerance of LSD

is there cross tolerance with anything?

A
  • acute (some say tachyphylaxis)
  • potentially dangerous as it facilitates taking more= toxicity
  • cross tolerance with others in the tryptamine family (shrooms, DMT)
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16
Q

explain dependence of LSD

A

no physical dependence, but potentially psychologically dependence.
- not an easy high, 8 hours, exhausting, pleasant and terrifying

17
Q

does the user control the trip?

A

NO. the trip controls the user! bad smelly jackson. dont do drugs.

18
Q

what is the physiological effect of toxicity?

A
  • myadrasis: chronic pupil dialation
19
Q

what is the psychological effects of toxicity? (2)

A
  1. serotonic syndrome: accumulation of excess serotonin in the CNS
    = cognitive, autonomic (physiological but brain derived), and somatic symptoms
  2. hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD)
20
Q

what are the cognitive, autonomic, and somatic symptoms of serotonic syndrome?

A
  • cog: hypomania, confusion, hallucinations
  • autonomic: sweating, hyperthermia, vasoconstriction, tachycardia
  • somatic: tremor, myoclonus
21
Q

what is hallucinogen persisting perception disorder?

A
  • re experiencing symptoms from the bad trip, when sober.
  • -> chronic, mostly visual, or episodic (all sensory)
  • -> triggered by environment
22
Q

what did the national survey of drug use declare about the long term effect of LSD?

A
  • no differences in rates or onsets of the 11 indicators of mental health problems when compared to controls.
  • ppl blame psychedelics for everything that happens in their lives (correlation NOT causation)
  • -> and HPPD has been found in non drug users as well

PSYCH 345A Final (5 decks)

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