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MY Bacteriology FINAL > Pseudomonas > Flashcards

Pseudomonas Flashcards

1
Q

Pseudomonas is a gram negative bacteria that is a _____ aerobe

A

obligate

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2
Q

Pseudomonas is extremely ______

A

opportunistic

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3
Q

What is the main pathogenic species of Pseudomonas?

A

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

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4
Q

Pseudomonas is usually a ____ agent with significant____ resistance

A

usually a secondary agent

Antimicrobial resistance

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5
Q

Pseudomonas likes to live in ____ poorly aerated environments such as surgery support bags and hoses in anesthetic machines

A

wet

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6
Q

True/False: Pseudomonas can cause mastitis?

A

True

usually via intramammary infusions

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7
Q

Pseudomonas is motile via _____

A

flagella

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8
Q

What virulence factor allows adherance to the respiratory mucosa for Psuedomonas?

A

outer membrane proteins

and non fimbrial adhesins

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9
Q

True/False: Pseudomonas has a remarkable capacity to adapt to and thrive in diverse ecological niches

A

True

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10
Q

Pseudomonas has a virulence factor that leads to ____ formation

A

biofilm

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11
Q

True/False: Pseudomonas does not have a capsule

A

False

It is encapsulated

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12
Q

What are the exotoxins of Pseudomonas and what are their characteristics?

A

Exotoxin A- inhibits protein synthesis

Exotoxin S and T- interferes with phagocytosis

Exotoxin U- cytotoxic effect

Exotoxin Y- increases cAMP

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13
Q

Which Pseudomonas exotoxins cause death of the cells that it is associated with?

A

Exotoxins U and Y

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14
Q

What virulence factor of Pseudomonas is useful diagnostically and helps to protect the pseudomonas against free radicals?

A

Pigments (Pyocyanins)

*Pseudomonas is protected due to catalase and superoxide dismuate

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15
Q

What is the Reservoir for Pseudomonas?

A

Soil, water, feces of normal animals- EVERYTHING

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16
Q

Most infections of Pseudomonas are _____ to compromised hosts

A

secondary

*ex. illness or trauma allows pseudomonas to colonize. It is very opportunistic

17
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas?

A
  1. reduced normal flora allows bacteria to colonize (usually due to antimicrobial use)
  2. adhere to the epithelial cell layer and reproduce
  3. Destroys epithelial cells and tissues (pyocyanin)
18
Q

Where will you see Pseudomonas the most?

A

Ear infections!

ottitis externa

19
Q

What animals are predisposed to Pseudomonas?

A

swimmers

breeds with long ears- ex. bassett hounds

breeds with hair in external ear canal

20
Q

Other than ear infections, what other disease can Pseudomonas cause?

A

Lower urinary tract infection

*not very common

21
Q

What can Pseudomonas cause in horses?

A

Metritis

*secondary to prolonged treatment with antimicrobials

22
Q

What does a skin infection of Pseudomonas look like?

A

Like this!

23
Q

Pseudomonas can cause pustular _____ skin lesions

A

pyoderma

24
Q

Pseudomonas has caused a particular problem in farmed _____

A

mink

*mortality 50% due to hemorrhagic pneumonia

25
Q

What granulomatous inflammation of the skin can Pseudomons cause?

A

Pseudomonal Botryomycosis

*grape like appearance- little nodules under the skin

26
Q

What condition can Pseudomonas aeurginosa cause in sheep?

A

Fleece Rot of sheep

27
Q

What humans are most suscptible to Pseudomonas infections?

A

Immunocompromised individuals

*especially burn victims

28
Q

What is the best way to prevent Pseudomonas?

A

Need to decrease the risk of secondary infection

*clean environment, clean and dry ears

29
Q

Pseudomonas is ____ hemolytic and ___ growing

A

Beta hemolytic

Fast growing

30
Q

What is a characteristic of Pseudomonas that helps with diagnosis?

A

Odor!

*suppose to smell like grapes

31
Q

Pseudomonas is oxidase ____

A

positive

32
Q

True/False: Pseudomonas is susceptible to antimicrobials

A

FALSE

highly resistant to microbials

33
Q

What give the dark appearance of Pseudomonas on agar?

A

Pyocyonin turns the plate a dark color

34
Q

Does Pseudomonas ferment the sugars in a TSI test?

A

no

*non fermenters. TSI appears red

35
Q

Is Pseudomonas lactose negative or positive on MacConkey Agar?

A

Lactose negative

*NO PINK COLOR

36
Q

What is the best treatment for Pseudomonas?

A

identify the predisposing factor and eliminate the source of the organism

*Use hygienic practices. Keep endotracheal tubes and anethetic hoses clean

MY Bacteriology FINAL (16 decks)

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