Francisella

Question 1

Francisella is an obligate ____ bacteria

Answer 1

aerobic

Question 2

Best agar to grow Francisella on?

Answer 2

Glucose Cysteine blood agar

*however it is very fastidious and hard to grow in labratory

Question 3

Is Francisella Tularensis reportable?

Answer 3

Yes!!

Question 4

What disease does Francisella Tularensis cause?

Answer 4

Tularmeia

*highly infectious and affects a wide range of animals

Question 5

What species of Francisella affects aquatic animals?

Answer 5

Francisella Noatunesis

Question 6

Which form of Francisella is considered a potential bioweapon?

Answer 6

Francisella Tularensis subsp. Tularensis

*high virulence, low inectious dose, aerosol dissemination

Question 7

What virulence factor does Francisella use to attach to macrophages in order to be phagocytosed?

Answer 7

Mannose

*Francisella wants to be phagocytized by macrophages

Question 8

What growth loci do Francisella have as part of their pathogenicity islands?

Answer 8

intracellular growth locus

macrophages growth locus

Question 9

What type of secretion system does Francisella use?

Answer 9

Type 6 secretion system

Question 10

What is the reservoir for Francisella?

Answer 10

Lagomorphs (rabbits) and rodents

Question 11

How is Francisella transmitted?

Answer 11

Ticks

*Dermacentor variabilis (brown dog tick), Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick) and Amblyomma americanum ( Lone star tick)

Question 12

Is Francisella zoonotic?

Answer 12

Yes

*humans can get Tularemia

Question 13

What species is most affected by Tularemia and a potential way for humans to get the pathogen?

Answer 13

Cats

Question 14

What is the most common form of Tularemia?

Answer 14

Ulceroglandular

*when an infected tick bites a host

(other forms include oculoglandular, pneumonic, oropharyngeal, gastrointestinal, and thypoidal)

Question 15

How is Ulceroglandular tularemia acquired?

Answer 15

Tick bite

Question 16

What is the most dangerous form of Tularemia?

Answer 16

Pulmonary

*also referred to as pneumonic

Question 17

What system in the body is Tularemia infecting?

Answer 17

respiratory system

Question 18

True/False: the clinical signs with Tularemia depends on how you acquired the bacteria

Answer 18

True

*possible fever, headache, pneumonia

Question 19

Francisella survives and replicates inside ____

Answer 19

phagocytes

Question 20

Francisella leads to a ______ inflammation in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes

Answer 20

pyogranulomatous

Question 21

Tularemia looks similar to _____ because it causes abcesses within the _____

Answer 21

tuberculosis

causes abscesses within the lungs

Question 22

Francisellas ability to survive ____ is crucial for its pathogenesis

Answer 22

intracellularly

Question 23

Primary target cell for Francisella is _____

Answer 23

macrophages

Question 24

What kind of immunity is needed for Francisella?

Answer 24

Cell mediated

Question 25

True/False: Francisella is not reportable

Answer 25

False

*REPORTABLE

Question 26

What is the best treatment and control for Tularemia?

Answer 26

antimicrobials- very effective

control of tick population

Question 27

What fish species are infected by Francisella most often?

Answer 27

tilapia, cod, bass

*warm and cold water fish as well as marine and fresh water

Question 28

What cells of the fish does Francisella replicate in?

Answer 28

macrophages and monocytes

Question 29

What kind of inflammation does Francisella cause in fish?

Answer 29

granulomatous