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Year 6 > PSA paper > Flashcards

PSA paper Flashcards

1
Q

What type of insulin should you use in FRII

A

Actrapid or Humulin S

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2
Q

What do you monitor with abortion

A

BP

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3
Q

If person with low GFR how should you administer Trimethoprim

A

Normal dose then half dose after 3 days

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4
Q

What should you administer for suspected Wernickes

A

Pabrinex
Dose is in parts

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5
Q

What do you monitor with prednisilone in children

A

Bp and glucose

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6
Q

If wanting morning after pill and on carbamazepine what should you do

A

Give higher dose

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7
Q

Enzyme Inducers

A

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Barbituates
Rifampicin
Chronic alcohol
Sulphonylureas

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8
Q

Enzyme inhibitors

A

Acute alcohol
Azoles
Allopurinol
Cipro/cimetidine
Disulifram
Erythromycin
Valproate

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9
Q

Drugs metabolised by CYP450

A

COWEST

Ciclosporin
OCP
Warfarin
Epileptic: phenytoin, carbamazepine
Statins
Theophyline

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10
Q

Different HRT treatment

A

If large BMI or VTE risk- transdermal

If cyclical
Oestrogen for 28 days then both

If continuous and no bleed- can use if postmenopausal
Both constantly

If no uterus- can give oestrogen only

If have LNG coil- can give oestrogen only

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11
Q

What to give in thrush

A

Fluconazole
Clotrimazole pessary if pregnant

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12
Q

Sx and treatment of endometriosis

A

Pain before periods- deep pain
Pain during sex

Tx- paracetamol or NSAIDs pain
COCP if not

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13
Q

Tx of incontinence medically

A

Stress- duloxetine

Urge- oxybutynin

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14
Q

Sx and tx of PCOS

A

Irregular periods, hirsutism, cystic ovaries

COCP

If want to be fertile co-cypriniol

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15
Q

Emergency contraception types and uses

A

Levongestrel- 72 hours- larger dose if >26BMI or 70 kg
Ullipristal- 120 hours- not in severe asthma

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16
Q

Tx of hyperemesis in pregnancy

A

Search nausea

Antihistamines- cyclizine/promethazien
2ns ondansetron

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17
Q

Fluid resus and maintenance in paeds

A

100ml first 10
50 next 10
20 thereafter

Resus
% weight change x original weight

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18
Q

Treatment of DVT in pregnancy

A

LMWH
Major- unfractionated heparin

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19
Q

What DVT prophylaxis should be given in GFR <15 and when scared of needles

A

GFR- unfractionated
Needles- Apixaban

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20
Q

Bolus given to dehydrated children

A

20ml/kg in 10 mins

If DKA- 10ml/kg
Unless shock- 20ml

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21
Q

Stepping up pain medication

A

Paracetamol
Give NSAIDs too- but not if on SSRI, recent TIA, bleedin g

Give weak opioid next- codeine

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22
Q

Drugs you cant give with sildenafil

A

Ivobradine
GTN
Nicorandil

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23
Q

What drugs cause oedema

A

Insulin and amlodipine

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24
Q

If cant find hyperkalaemia at side effects what should you do

A

Go to monitoring

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25
Q

Important info for zopiclone

A

Withdrawal causes rebound insomnia

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26
Q

Monitoring in first week with clozapine

A

Laying and standing BP
FBC

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27
Q

How to monitor vancomycin

A

Trough levels
Required on 2nd day before next dose

Renal function stable
2x weekly

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28
Q

Monitoring gestational hypertension in the community

A

BP and urine dip 2x a week
Until below 135/85

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29
Q

If converting rectal to oral or vice versa

A

Search dose and conversion

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30
Q

First line for constipation in kids

A

Macrogel

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31
Q

If allergic to penicillin, tx of H pylori

A

Clarith and met

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32
Q

What cant be prescribed with colchicine

A

Statins

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33
Q

When should glucose measurements be taken

A

Before meals and bedtime

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34
Q

Application of steroid cream

A

One FTU- from tip to crease
Enough to cover hand front and back

Apply cream thinly to affected areas
In direct on hair

Once or twice daily
Emolients 3-4 times

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35
Q

Contraception with HRT

A

Continue to use contraception until 2 years after last period- if <50

If >50 continue until 1 year after

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36
Q

Which antibiotics interact with insulin to increase hypos

A

Macrolides

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37
Q

Monitoring with allopurinol

A

Liver dysfunction
LFTs

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38
Q

What medication do you stop with C diff

A

PPIs- since can cause

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39
Q

When to stop COCP

A

HTN >160/100

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40
Q

If asking for how much K needed what should you do

A

Calculate kg
1mmol per Kg
Round to nearest 40/20

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41
Q

If pregnant and test + for strep B what do you do

A

Give intrapartum benzylpenicillin

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42
Q

Drugs you cant give with lithium

A

Renal excreted
So ACEi, diuretics and NSAIDs CI

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43
Q

Administration of salbutamol as inhaler

A

In mcg

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44
Q

Max paracetamol and ibuprofen

A

para- 4g
Ibru- 2.4g

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45
Q

Delierious Parkinson’s patent mx

A

Lorazepam

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46
Q

Target Hba1c and changes to meds

A

Target 48- so if higher- increase metformin

If 58- add medication

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47
Q

Insulin and pioglitazone together can increase risk of

A

HF

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48
Q

How GTN should be taken

A

Sat down
Sublingual

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49
Q

What do you need to check before giving heparin

A

IF CKD
check potassium - as inhibits aldosterone and increases K

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50
Q

Monitoring before metformin

A

Renal function

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51
Q

Monitoring of lithium

A

ECG, renal and thyroid

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52
Q

Normal TSH but high T4 hypothyroid
what should you do with thyroxine medication

A

No change as TSH normal

Base changes off TSH
if High- increase
low- decrease

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53
Q

Fluids for diabetics for surgery

A

NaCl 0.45%
Glucose 5%
Kcl. 0.15%
With VRII

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54
Q

Common SE of alendrotnic acid

A

Renal impairment

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55
Q

If unable to find dose of chemo where should you look

A

Safety info- may say one type of route only

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56
Q

Drug that can cause DKA

A

Dapagliflozin

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57
Q

CI drugs in DKA

A

Dapa
Sitagliptin
Metformin

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58
Q

If hyperthyroid due to too high levo what should you do

A

Withhold for 2 days
Give at a lower dose

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59
Q

Opioid constipation tx

A

Osmotic with senna

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60
Q

Important info for lithium

A

Maintain balanced diet- since low salt and dehydratioon increases toxicity

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61
Q

Drug that reduces absorption of drugs

A

Ferrous sulphate
But search on interactions as iron

62
Q

Tx of malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

63
Q

Monitoring with iron

A

Hb

64
Q

Glucose target before meals

A

4-7

65
Q

When to use HRT

A

If vasomotor symptoms
Continue above 50

66
Q

Drugs that could be dose wrong as have to calculate their dose

A

Dexamethasone- croup
Heparin/LMWH
Aciclovir

67
Q

Pain relief in varicella

A

Paracetamol first
Neuropathic

68
Q

If T4 high on amiodarone

A

Withhold it

69
Q

How much glucose per day

A

50-100g

No weight dependence

5%= 50g

70
Q

When to stop methotrextaet

A

Active Infection

71
Q

What to stop after stroke

A

LMWH

72
Q

What cant you prescribe azathiprone with

A

Allopurinol

73
Q

Monitoring tool for digoxin

A

Ventricular rate

74
Q

What should be avoided with amiodarone

A

Diltiazam, Verapamil or Digoxin as this can precipitate heart block

75
Q

Drugs causing impaired glucose

A
  1. Thiazide diuretics
  2. Tacrolimus
  3. Ciclosporin
  4. Steroids
  5. Atypical antipsychotics
76
Q

Drugs causing impaired glucose

A
  1. Thiazide diuretics
  2. Tacrolimus
  3. Ciclosporin
  4. Steroids
  5. Atypical antipsychotics
77
Q

AE prescription

A

Cyclizine unless fluid retention
Metoclopramdie

78
Q

Important info on warfarin and drinking

A

If patient wishes to drink, it should be moderate + spread out over the week to have the least impact
on INR

79
Q

Important info with ACEi

A

caution should be taken if the patient develops diarrhoea/vomiting, esp in elderly (AKI risk)
o If dev cough à could trial Losartan
o 1-2wk following initiation = monitor renal function

80
Q

Important info of alendrotnic acid

A

tablet needs to be swallowed with a full glass of water + remain upright for 30 minutes
afterwards (minimises gastric SEs)
o Food should be avoided 2h after taking Alendronic acid as it reduces its absorption
o Ca salts (Adcal D3) reduce the absorption of bisphosphonates and should not be taken at the same
time of the day
o = a one weekly preparation
o Reduce risk of fractures but do not prevent all fractures

See dentist before

81
Q

When are statins CI

A

> 3ULN LFTs
or active liver disease

82
Q

When to stop allopurinol

A

Renal impaire

83
Q

When to stop AP

A

7 days before

84
Q

When to stop DOACs

A

2 days

85
Q

when to avoid BB

A

asthma
PVD
if on verapamil

86
Q

What opioids to take in renal failure

A

30-60 -oxycodone
<30- afentynyl, fentynyl and buprenorphine

87
Q

Missed pills taking rules

A

COCP
If 24 hours after pill was meant to be taken- 1 missed
If 2 missed in 1st- emergency
2nd- nothing
3rd- omit pill free
Condoms for 7 days

POP
Others- 3hours after missed
Desogestrel - 12 hours- missed

88
Q

If taking COCP and rifampicin for <2 months what do you do

A

Add condoms - up to 4 weeks after stopping

Can find on contraceptive interactions page

89
Q

What should you always check before prescribing

A

Bleeding risk
GFR
Drug reactions
Asthma

90
Q

CI of each laxatives

A

Stimulant- bowel obstruction
Prokinetic- BO, cramps, colitis
Osmotic- bloating

91
Q

When to give HAS

A

Ascites

92
Q

If bleeding shock and no blood available what do you give

A

Cystalloid

93
Q

Fluid requirements and rules

A

25ml per day
1mmol of K and Na
50-100g of glucose

1 salty 2 sweet
If elderly or HF- 1 of each

So if maintenance- L1 0.9% NaCl +0.3% KCl in 8 hours
1L of 5% glucose with 0.15% KCl in 8 hours

94
Q

If taking furosemide and lithium

A

May Increase lithium conc
Use lower dose

95
Q

Paracetamol IV

A

> 50 kg- 1g over 15 mins
<50kg 15mg/kg over 15 mins

96
Q

Tamoxifen info

A

Endometrial cancer
Warfarin increase INR
Hot flushes and VTE

97
Q

Ciclodporin info

A

Regular U +Es
every 2w

98
Q

Drug monitoring rules

A

If low drug but adequate response- do not increase
If low drug and inadequate- increase

If high and adequate- decrease

99
Q

Causes of peripheral oedema

A

NSAIDs
CCB

100
Q

If ischaemic stroke what should you prescribe if <4.5 hours

A

Alteplase
10mg Injection

101
Q

What should be monitored with LMWH

A

Plt

102
Q

Tx of GCA with eye loss

A

Methylprednisolone 1g daily 3 days

103
Q

Route for creams

A

Topical

104
Q

antiemetic for nausea in pregnancy

A

Cyclizine oral
Then ondansetron

105
Q

Pulmonary effect of nitrofurantoin

A

Pulmonary fibrosis
Reaction

106
Q

Dose of BB

A

2.5-10mg

107
Q

Dosing of rivoroxiban

A

20mg

108
Q

Clarithromycin interactions

A

Statin
CCB
Digoxin

109
Q

If cannot find gout what should you search

A

Hyperuricaemiai
Aspirin

110
Q

DAPT choice

A

Aspirin with prasugrel if <60kg and>75 5mg daily
if above 10 mg

12 months- discontinue

111
Q

Chaning depression medication

A

Increase after 4 weeks
Until max dose
Then change
To another SSRI or mitrazipine

112
Q

if cancer what VTE prophylaxis

A

LMWH

113
Q

If cant tolerate metformin MR what should you do

A

Change to another med
GLiptin, thio, sulph

114
Q

If adding bendro what should you look out for

A

History of gout

115
Q

Changing from LMWH to oral DOAC

A

Stop LMWH on next and take DOAC when next was meant to be

116
Q

Cetrizine info

A

May cause sleepiness

117
Q

How to take SC injection

A

Right angle
Full needle

118
Q

First signs of lidocaine toxicity

A

Tingling
Anaesthesia
Dizzy

119
Q

Monitoring with levo

A

Just TSH

120
Q

Monitoring of dalteparin

A

Anti X

121
Q

Monitoring of donepezil function

A

Cognitive assessment

122
Q

Monitoring of HC and FC effectiveness in addisons

A

Weight, BP, electrolytes

123
Q

If lithium in range but symptoms

A

Increase dose

124
Q

If INR >1.5 on day of surgery what do you give

A

Phytomenadione PO

125
Q

Threadworm tx

A

Mebendazole 14d

126
Q

Hypokalaemia reuss

A

1L 0.9% NaCl with 0.3%KCl

127
Q

If lithium levels >2

A

Haemodialysis

128
Q

Problems with amiodarone

A

Hypokalaemia can cause arrhythmia

Pulmonary fibrosis

CXR should be done

129
Q

Drugs that may cause digoxin toxicity

A

Vit D
Aminophylline
Thiazide
Steroids
Furosemide
Salbumtmol

130
Q

Higher risk of paracetamol OD

A

HIV, anorexia or inducer

131
Q

When to suspend metformin

A

If D n V

132
Q

Drugs causing birth abnormalities

A

Lithium- heart- Epstein
ACE- head
Valproate- NTD
Chlorampenicol- grey baby

133
Q

Symptoms of lithium toxicity

A

coarse tremor (a fine tremor is seen in therapeutic levels- chronic lithium use)
hyperreflexia
acute confusion
polyuria
seizure
coma

134
Q

Urinary retention drugs

A

Opioids
TCA
NSAIDs
Antichol

135
Q

AB lowering seizure threshold

A

Cipro

136
Q

Ethylene antidote

A

Fomepizole

137
Q

If on oral diabetic medication what are the rules with surgery

A

If short and well controlled- no changes
If longer or poorly controlled- omit and VRII

138
Q

Which TB medication causes gout

A

Pyrizidamide

139
Q

When to start prophylactic gout meds

A

2 weeks after normally
If frequent- can be during attack

140
Q

Drugs causing reflex tachy

A

CCBs

141
Q

Vision disorders cause

A

Green digoxin
Blue- sildenafil

142
Q

Communication with meth

A

Take with food
Stop with infection

143
Q

Warfarin communication

A

Avoid alcohol
Take at same time

144
Q

SSRI Comm

A

Dont abrupto stop
DnV

145
Q

TCA comms

A

Ach SE
Dont stop abruptly

146
Q

What to give in palliative SOB and confusion

A

SOB- morphine
Confusion- midazolam
With hallucination- haloperidol

147
Q

When to use each laxative

A

Bulk with IBS- not with opioid
Osmotic- hepatic encephalopathy

148
Q

Giving glucose in hypoglycaemia

A

10% 150ml in <10 mind

149
Q

Hyperkalaemia tx

A

10% Ca gluconate 10ml
10% glucose 250ml
Actrapid insulin 10 u

150
Q

UTI with low GFR

A

Trimethoprim even if folate deficient

151
Q

What do you stop 7 days before surgery

A

NSAIDs
AP

Year 6 (28 decks)

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