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Year 6 > Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Syphilis features

A

1-Painless ulcer, sharp border
2- systemic symptoms: fevers, lymphadenopathy
rash on trunk, palms and soles
buccal ‘snail track’ ulcers (30%)
warty lesions on genitalia

3-gummas, cardio and neuro

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2
Q

Tx of syphillis

A

IM benzathine Penicillin

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3
Q

Features of Hep A

A

Hepatosplenomegaly
Fatigue
Jaundice

Faecal-oral- shellfish

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4
Q

Dx of chlamydia

A

NAAT

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5
Q

Causes of cold sores

A

HSV1

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6
Q

Tx of malaria

A

Non falciparum- Chloroquine

Mild falciparum- ACT (artesunate + another)
Severe- IV artesunate
when parasite >2%

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7
Q

Tx of TB

A

Rifampicin- 6m
Isoniazid- 6m
Pyrazidamide-2m
Ethambutol -2m

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8
Q

SE of TB treatment

A

R- orange
I- peripheral neuropathy- give with pyridoxine
P- Hepato
Ethambutol- visual

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9
Q

Painless ulcer and painful lymphadenopathy

A

Lymphgranuloma verenum

If progress to proctoclitis- becomes painful

MSM

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10
Q

Mx of lymphgranuloma venerum

A

Doxyclycline

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11
Q

Painful ulcer and lymph

A

Haemophilus Ducreyi

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12
Q

Cause of tonsillitis and impetigo

A

Strep Pyogenes

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13
Q

Sx of typhoid fever

A

Constipated
Bradycardia
Anorexia
Rose spots

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14
Q

Tx of typhoid fever

A

Ciproflox
PO azithromycin

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15
Q

Ix of typhoid

A

Blood culture

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16
Q

Dengue fever Sx

A

Primary
Headache- retro orbital
Sunburn rash

Secondary
Hypotension

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17
Q

Ix of Dengue

A

PCR viral antigen

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18
Q

Bulls eye rash

A

Lyme disease

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19
Q

Organism of lyme disease

A

Borrella burgdoferi

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20
Q

Mx of lyme

A

Doxycycline

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21
Q

Rapidly worsening cellulitis with extreme tenderness

A

Necrotiising fascitis

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22
Q

RF of necrotising fascitits

A

DM
Skin traum a
SGLT2

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23
Q

Mx of nec fasc

A

Debridement and Abx

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24
Q

Nec Fascitis in perineum

A

Fouriners

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25
Q

Tetanus treatment rules

A

If had 5 doses in <10 years
None required

If >10 years or unsure on vaccines- reinforce vacccine
High risk wound- immunoglobulin

But if had vaccines no need for IG or vaccine

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26
Q

Toxoplasmosis Treatment

A

No treatment unless immunocomprimised

If you are- pyrimethamine plus sulphadiazine for at least 6 weeks

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27
Q

Tx of toxoplasmosis in HIV/IC

A

Pyrimethamine plus sulphadiazine 6w

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28
Q

Sx of toxoplasmosis in IC

A

Cerebral lesions
Headache confusion, drowse

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29
Q

If HIV + and CD4 <200 what is the treatment

A

Co-trimoxazole
HAART

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30
Q

Ix of HIV

A

ELISA

If needlestick
p24 antigen and AB testing in 4 weeks and in 3 months

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31
Q

Sx of HIV

A

Seroconversion- fever, oral ulcers, diarrhoea, sore throat, maculapapular rash

Then AIDS

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32
Q

Mx of HIV

A

ART- 2x NRTI and either protease inhibitor or NNRTI

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33
Q

Ix for chlamydia and gonorrhoea

A

Vulvo-vaginal swabs for NAAT

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34
Q

When to send for MSU for UTI

A

If associated with visible or non visible haematuria

Aged >65

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35
Q

Urine dip is positive in an asymptomatic catheterised patient what do you do

A

Do not treat

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36
Q

Which pneumonia occurs after influenza

A

Staph aureus

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37
Q

What can cause false negative Mantoux test

A

Steroids
Sarcoid
Lymphoma
AIDS

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38
Q

Sx of leptospirosis

A

Conjunctivitis - subconjunctival haemorrhage
Hepatitis
Work in sewer

Dx with serology

LEP
Legs/liver, eyes

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39
Q

Dx of Hepatitis

A

Serology

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40
Q

How long after exposure should you test for HIV

A

4 weeks

If needlestick
p24 antigen and AB testing in 4 weeks and in 3 months

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41
Q

Drug that makes you prone to sunburn

A

Doxycycline

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42
Q

Tx of schistosomiasis

A

Praziquantel

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43
Q

Tx of HAP

A

<5d of admission- Co amox
>5d- tazoscin

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44
Q

Dx of legionella disease

A

Urinary antigen

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45
Q

Tx of trichomonad vaginalis

A

Protoza
Metronidazole

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46
Q

Tx of chlamydia in pregnancy

A

Azithromycin, amoxicillin

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47
Q

First and second line for tx of MRSA

A

Vancomycin
Linezolid

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48
Q

Hydatid cyst sx

A

Daughter cysts
Asymptomatic
RUQ pain hepatomegaly

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49
Q

Ix of hydatid cysts

A

USS
Then CT abdo

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50
Q

Hep B serology

A

HBsAg- acute infection
HBsAB- previous/vaccinated
HBcAg- chronic
HBcAB- prev infection

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51
Q

Ix for schistosomiasis

A

Stool and urine culture

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52
Q

Ix of herpes

A

NAAT

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53
Q

Mx of rabies exposure

A

Immunoglobins and vaccination

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54
Q

How long should PEP be taken for

A

28 days
Must be taken before 72 hours

55
Q

PEP for hepatitis

A

Hep B- +- vaccine if responder, globing and vaccine if non

C- monthly PCR

56
Q

Bloody diarrhoea and liver abcess

A

Entamoeba histolytica

57
Q

What to do if immunocompromised and exposed to varicella

A

Send for antibodies
If no- VZIG

58
Q

Tx of Lyme

A

Grasp tick as close to skin
Doxy only if symptomatic

59
Q

HIV seroconversion

A

3-12 weeks
Flu like symptoms

60
Q

Leishmaniasis sx

A

Return from south/Central America
Ulcers

61
Q

Live attenuated vaccines

A

BUMPY
BCG
Typhoid
MMR
Polio oral
Yellow fever

62
Q

Tx of Jarish herxheimer reaction

A

Paracetamol

63
Q

Orchitis testing

A

NAAT- younger STI
Older- MSU- married and 50 only partner

64
Q

Organism in older orchitis

A

E coli

65
Q

Syphilis testing

A

Non treponemal- not that specific
Treponemal- specific

So if + non and neg specific- false positive

66
Q

Tx of gonnorhea if dont want needles

A

Cefixime and azithromycin

67
Q

BV organism

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

68
Q

Organism causing chronic wound infections

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

69
Q

MRSA tx

A

Vancomycin

70
Q

Tx of bacterial meningitis >50

A

Cef + amox

71
Q

When does PCP occur in HIV

A

CD4 <200

72
Q

Visualisiation of crytpococus

A

India ink

73
Q

If tetanus sx

A

Give IM IG

74
Q

When should syphillus reinfection be treated

A

If RPR rises by 4x

75
Q

Features suggestive of gas gangrene

A

Bubbles in tissue in x ray
Crepitus
Foul smelling
C perfringens

76
Q

Features of each stage of syphillis

A

Primary- painless ulcer

Secondary- systemic- fevers, rash on trunk, warts on genitalia

Tertiary- gummas- granulomas on skin/bones, Ascending AA, paralysis

77
Q

Ix of latent TB

A

Mantoux test

78
Q

Erysipleas tx

A

FLuclox

79
Q

Men with suspected UTI tx order

A

MSU before ABx
Then ABx 7 d

80
Q

Complications of gonnorheoa

A

Males- urethral stricture
Females- PID, bartholin abcess

81
Q

If skin peeling on palms and soles, hypotensive, fever

A

Staph toxic shock syndrome

Maybe says started period in last couple of days

82
Q

Cause of false negative mantoux

A

Sarcoid
Lymphoma
AIDS
Steroids

83
Q

Toxoid vaccines

A

Diptheria
Rabies
Tetanus

84
Q

Inactivated vaccines

A

Influenza
Hep A
Rabies

85
Q

Vaccine for IVDU

A

Hep B

86
Q

Vaccine for those spending time with people who live in Asia

A

BCG

87
Q

Infection causing pain, bloating and floating stools

A

Giardia
Resolves in 2-5 weeks
Malabsorption of Vit A, B12, iron, lipids

88
Q

Hep genetics

A

All RNA apart from Hep B

89
Q

What needs to be measured before starting terbinafine

A

LFTs

90
Q

What needs to be measured before starting RIPE

A

U+E, LFT, vision, FBC

91
Q

Best way to assess response to Hep C tx

A

Viral load

92
Q

Test for eradication of H pylori

A

Urea Breath test

93
Q

What can C diff cause

A

Toxic megacolon

94
Q

Vaccines for hep

A

A and b
None for c d e

95
Q

Ix of Lyme disease

A

Antibody titre

96
Q

Cause of Kaposi sarcoma

A

HHV 8

97
Q

Fever, spasm, dysphagia, IVDU

A

Tetanus

98
Q

Most common cause of diarrhoea in HIV

A

Crytosporidium

99
Q

Sx of Lyme disease

A

FACE
Facial palsy
Arthritis
Carditis
Erythema migrans

100
Q

Most common organism for central line infections

A

Staph epidermis

101
Q

Common SE of vancomycin and what to do

A

Red man syndrome- flushed
Stop it until sx stopped and then re start

102
Q

Clumsiness and irritable with low CD4 and PML shown

A

JC virus

103
Q

HPV causing cervical cancer

A

16, 18

104
Q

Disseminated gonnorheoa sx

A

Tenosynovitis
Polyarthritis
Dermatitis

105
Q

Grey membrane on tonsils

A

Diptheria

106
Q

Tx of MRSA if positive on screening swab

A

Nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine

107
Q

Mx of campylobacter

A

Usually self limiting
Clarithromycin is severe

108
Q

Cellulitis in pregnancy with penicillin allergy

A

Erythromycin

109
Q

Viral meningitis causes

A

Coxsackievirus

110
Q

Examples of HIV drugs

A

NRTI- zidovudine, tenoforvir

Protease- navir is a pro

Gravir- interphase

111
Q

If diagnosed with TB what further test should you do on them

A

HIV

112
Q

If treponema test positive and non treponomal negative what is the dx

A

Successful treated syphillis

113
Q

Tx of genital warts

A

Multiple non keratinised- topical podophyllum

Solitary keritonised- cryotherapy

114
Q

What causes genital warts

A

HPV 6+11

115
Q

Most appropriate Ix for lyme disease

A

Blood test for serology
ELISA

116
Q

Tx of sinusitis with fever and high HR

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

117
Q

Tx of prostatitis and pyelo

A

Prostatitis- Quinilone cirpo or trimethoprim

Pyelo- Cef or quinilones- cirpo

118
Q

Severe cellulitis tx or near eye/nose

A

Co amox

119
Q

Dx of strep vs EBV

A

Monospot- EBV
Anti Strep O titre- Strep

120
Q

Tx of chlamydia in pregnancy with penicillin allergy

A

Erythromycin

121
Q

Recurrent UTIs following sexual intercourse tx

A

Prophylactic abs after sex

122
Q

Usual treatment of bloody diarrhoea and fever

A

Cipro

123
Q

Causes of false positive syphillis

A

with Syphillis Sometimes mistakes happen

SLE, TB, malaria, HIV

124
Q

Chagas disease

A

South America trip
Trypanosoma chancre - painless subcutaneous nodule at site of infection
intermittent fever
enlargement of posterior cervical lymph nodes
Must do ECG for myopathy

125
Q

Tx of ameobasis

A

Metronidazole

126
Q

Yellow fever sx

A

Ill initially - brief remission in between

Jaundice
Bradycardia
High fevers

127
Q

Growth of gram positive in chains

A

Strep pyogenes

128
Q

Infection that doesn’t get Better with correct AB

A

Abscess or collection

129
Q

Giadia vs amoeba vs pyogenic liver abcess

A

Giardia- long incubation, steathorrea, no liver abcess

Amoeba- liver abcess, diarrhoea

Pyogenic- abcess, no diarrhoea

130
Q

Gonorrheoa and chlamydia negative but purulent penile discharge dx

A

Mycoplasm genitalia

131
Q

If on doxorubicin/cyclo and fever what should you do

A

Treat for neut sepsis
IV tazoscin

132
Q

IVDU with lymphadenopathy, pharyngeal oedema, erythema on floor of mouth and stridor

A

Ludwig angina
Cellulitis of floor of mouth

133
Q

Mens with UTI mx

A

MSU and Nitro 7d

134
Q

Sx of malaria

A

Severe- >2% on film
Cyclical fevers- falci- 48 hours so 1 day off fever, AFRICA
Jaundice
Anaemia
Neuro involvement

non falciparium- Asia, cyclical fever
P malaria- 2 days off fever

Year 6 (28 decks)

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