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MCB-L > Protozoans > Flashcards

Protozoans Flashcards

1
Q

Cyst

A

dormant phase of protozoans; usually spherical

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2
Q

Trophozoite

A

vegetative stage; motile feeding stage

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3
Q

Protozoans are

A

unicellular, eukaryotic, heterophic, micro-organisms

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4
Q

Phylum Sarcomastigophora

A

contain subphylum sarcodina & mastigophora

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5
Q

Subphylum Sarcodina (amoeboid)

A

Unikonta

locomotion by pseudopods

Entamoeba histolytica & coli

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6
Q

Entamoeba histolytica causative agent, locomotion, & phylum/subphylum

A

causative agent: amebiasis (amoebic dysentery)
locomotion: pseudopods
phylum & subphylum: Sarcomastigophora & Sarcodina

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7
Q

Entamoeba histolytica transmission

A

fecal-oral; contaminated food & water

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8
Q

Entamoeba histolytica symptoms & diagnosis

A

abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus in feces

trophozoites or cysts in stool sample

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9
Q

Entamoeba coli

A

non-pathogenic intestinal commensal

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10
Q

Subphylum Mastigora

A

Excavata

flagellated

Giardia lamblia, Trichomonis vaginalis, Trypanosoma brucei

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10
Q
A
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11
Q
A
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12
Q

Giardia lamblia causative agent, locomotion, phylum/subphylum

A

causative agent: giardiasis
locomotion: flagella
phylum & subphylum: Sarcomastigophora & mastigophora

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13
Q

Giardia lamblia transmission

A

fecal-oral; contaminated food & water

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14
Q

Giardia lamblia symptoms & dx

A

mostly asymptomatic; chronic diarrhea, dehydration, & abdominal pain

trophozoites & cysts in stool

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15
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis causative agent, locomotion, phylum/subphylum

A

causative agent: trichomoniasis (vulvovaginitis)
locomotion: flagella
phylum & subphylum: Sarcomastigophora & mastigophora

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16
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis transmission

A

STD

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17
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis symptoms & dx

A

asymptomatic or mild

inflammation of genitourinary mucosal surfaces (vagina, vulva, & cervix)

trophozoite in cervical smear or wet mount, has 4 anterior flagella & an undulating membrane

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18
Q

Trypanosoma brucei causative agent, locomotion, phylum/subphylum

A

causative agent: trypanosomiasis/african sleeping sickness
locomotion: flagella
phylum & subphylum: Sarcomastigophora & mastigophora

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19
Q

Trypanosoma brucei transmission

A

tse-tse fly

20
Q

Trypanosoma brucei symptoms & dx

A

headaches, fever, anemia, fatigue

blood work

21
Q

Phylum Ciliophora

A

Alveolate

ciliated (locomotion)

Balantidium coli

22
Q

Balantidium coli causative agent, locomotion, phylum

A

causative agent: balantidiasis
locomotion: cilia
phylum: Ciliophora

23
Q

Balantidium coli transmission

A

fecal-oral route from pig (normal host)

24
Q

Balantidium coli symptoms & dx

A

mostly asymptomatic; bloody & mucoid feces

trophozoite or cyst in stool

25
Q

Phylum Apicomplexa

A

Alveolate

Sporozoans, non-motile

Toxoplasma gondii & Plasmodium falciparum

26
Q

Phylum Apicomplexas

A
27
Q

Toxoplasma gondii causative agent, locomotion, phylum

A

causative agent: toxoplasmosis
locomotion: non-motile
phylum: Apicomplexa

28
Q

Toxoplasma gondii transmission

A

fecal-oral from cat (normal host)

29
Q

Toxoplasma gondii symptoms & dx

A

asymptomatic; fever, lymphadenopathy, and lymphocytosis

antibody test

30
Q

Plasmodium falciparum causative agent, locomotion, phylum

A

causative agent: malaria
locomotion: non-motile
phylum: Apicomplexa

31
Q

Plasmodium falciparum transmission

A

female anopheles mosquito

32
Q

Plasmodium falciparum life cycle

A

asexual in humans erythrocytic (inside RBC) and exoerythrocytic (liver)

sexual in mosquito

33
Q

Plasmodium falciparum dx & rx

A

trophozoites, schizonts, or gametocytes in peripheral blood smear

34
Q

Plasmodium falciparum resistance

A

sickle cell trait & anemia

35
Q

Identify specimen

A

Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite

36
Q

Identify specimen

A

Entamoeba histolytica cysts

37
Q

Identify specimen

A

Entamoeba coli trophozoite (non-pathogenic)

38
Q

Identify specimen

A

Entamoeba coli cyst

39
Q

Identify specimen

A

Balantidium coli trophozoite

40
Q

Identify specimen

A

Balantidium coli cyst (non-ciliated)

41
Q

Identify specimen

A

Giardia lambia trophozoite (2 nuclei with small karyosomes visible; 4 pairs of flagella not visible)

42
Q

Identify specimen

A

Giardia lambia cyst

43
Q

Identify specimen

A

Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoite

44
Q

Identify specimen

A

Trypanosoma brucei

45
Q

Identify specimen

A

Plasmodium falciparum ring stage

46
Q

Identify specimen

A

Plasmodium schizont

47
Q

Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle

A
  1. mosquito injects sporozoites (blood meal)
  2. infects liver cell (exoerythocytic)
  3. develops into schizont
  4. schizont ruptures
  5. infects blood cells & develops into immature trophozoite (ring stage/erythrocytic) & matures into gametocyte
  6. mosquito blood meal (ingests gametocytes)
  7. microgamete entering macrogamete
  8. ookinete
  9. oocyst
  10. cyst ruptures & releases sporozoites

MCB-L (12 decks)

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