Fungi & Ubiquity

Question 1

Saprophytes (saprobes)

Answer 1

organism that lives off decomposing organic matter

Question 2

Mycelium Hyphae (hypha)

Answer 2

collective filaments of fungi (hyphae)

Question 3

Dimorphic fungi

Answer 3

have both mold & yeast life-cycle stages

Question 4

Ubiquitous

Answer 4

organism that could be found just about anywhere, such as bacteria

Question 5

Host - biotic (alive)

Answer 5

organism which smaller organisms live, feed, and reproduce

Question 6

Reservoir - biotic or abiotic

Answer 6

natural habitat or host of pathogen; serves as potential source of infection; may be non-living (soil, water) or living (human or other organism)

Question 7

Mutualism

Answer 7

both organisms benefit

Question 8

Commensalism

Answer 8

one benefits and the other is unaffected

Question 9

Parasitism

Answer 9

one benefits and the other is negatively affected

Question 10

Opportunistic pathogens

Answer 10

infectious agents (usually weakly pathogenic) which can cause disease in an immunocompromised host

organisms may also infect a site not normally inhabited by the pathogen, thus causing disease

Question 11

Kingdom Fungi

Answer 11

non-motile eukaryotes with a cell wall composed of polysaccharide chtitin

Question 12

Kingdom fungi are…

Answer 12

absorptive heterotrophs which secrete exoenzymes into environment & then absorb digested nutrients

Question 13

Kingdom fungi are mostly

Answer 13

harmless saprophytes (saprobes) that decompose dead organic matter

Question 14

Some fungi are

Answer 14

parasites of plants, animals, or humans

Question 15

How are fungi divided?

Answer 15

informally based on overall appearance into yeasts & molds

Question 16

Unicellular Yeasts

Answer 16

round or oval shape

sexual reproduction or asexual (most common mode of vegetative) reproduction by budding

Candida albicans & Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 16

Unicellular Yeasts

Answer 16

round or oval shape

sexual reproduction or asexual (most common mode of vegetative) reproduction by budding

Question 17

Candida albicans

Answer 17

part of normal respiratory, gastrointestinal, & female urogenital tract floras

can cause thrush (oral), vulvovaginitis, and cutaneous candidiasis

Question 18

Most susceptible to Candida albicans

Answer 18

diabetics, immunodeficient, catheterized, or antimicrobial rx pts

Question 19

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Answer 19

used in production of bread, wine, & beer

Question 20

Filamentous Molds

Answer 20

form hyphae (collectively form mycelium)

sexual and asexual

Aspergillus niger, Pencillium notatum, & Rhizopus stolonifer

Question 21

Aspergillus niger

Answer 21

causes fungal balls in lungs called pulmonary aspergillosis

Question 22

Penicillium notatum

Answer 22

source of antibiotic penicillin

Question 23

Rhizopus stolonifer

Answer 23

bread mold

Question 24

Dimporphic fungi have

Answer 24

both mold & yeast life-cycle stages

Question 25

Types of asexual spores

Answer 25

Sporangiospores Conidospores

Question 26

Types of conidospores

Answer 26

arthrospores, blastospores, & chlamydospores

Question 27

Types of sexual spores

Answer 27

Ascospores, basidiospores, & zygospores

Question 28

Identify fungi

Answer 28

Yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae Candida albicans

Question 29

Identify fungi

Answer 29

Mold Aspergillus niger

Question 30

Identify fungi

Answer 30

Mold Penicillium notatum