Protists Parasites Pt. 2

Question 1

When a vegetative cell/trophozoite needs to be outside of the host, it needs to be in a form that can be resistant to the elements outside. What is that form called?

Answer 1

A cyst

Question 2

A vegetative cell =?

Answer 2

A trophozoite

Question 3

How do you cysts come out?

Answer 3

They come out in feces and contaminate

Question 4

Trophozoite cannot survive outside the environment by itself. It must make _____ to survive

Answer 4

A cyst

Question 5

If you drink contaminated water with cysts, they will germinate the _________ & become _______ again.

Answer 5

Small intestine

Trophozoite

Question 6

What’s the lifecycle of a trophozoite stage and a cyst stage?

Answer 6

1. Trophozoite in small intestine
2. Cyst in feces
3. Ingest cysts
4. Becomes trophozoite again
5. The cycle continues

Question 7

Giardia lamblia contamination

Answer 7

A protist that infects the intestine by normally drinking contaminated water

Question 8

What is the normal reservoir of giardia lamblia?

Answer 8

Beavers Roohr other aquatic mammals

Question 9

What is the transmission of giardia lamblia?

Answer 9

Ingesting cysts from contaminated water

Question 10

Where does giardia lamblia colonize?

Answer 10

In the small intestine

Question 11

What types of symptoms does giardia lamblia cause?

Answer 11

Abdominal cramps and diarrhea

Question 12

How do you diagnose giardia lamblia?

Answer 12

Using a stool sample

Question 13

Why don’t Giardia cells need mitochondria to survive?

Answer 13

Because your intestines are loaded with food that have glucose and that’s where they get their energy

Question 14

How many ATP do Giardia cells receive?

Answer 14

2 ATP from their own glycolysis in fermentation.

Question 15

Trypansoma

Answer 15

Parasites that are extracellular but infect the blood

Question 16

What are the characteristics of Trypansoma? (What do they have)

Answer 16

• extra large mitochondria
• stain KINETOPLASTID
• have flagella
• have a nucleus

Question 17

What disease is caused by Trypansoma?

Answer 17

African sleeping sickness

Question 18

What’s the vector of African sleeping sickness ( Trypansoma)

Answer 18

Biting fly

Question 19

Is African sleeping sickness is a epidemic, endemic or pandemic disease?

Answer 19

Endemic

Question 20

Why is it called African sleeping sickness?

Answer 20

Because the first symptoms is a disruption of sleeping patterns

• sleep during the day, awake at night

Question 21

In African sleeping sickness, what does Trypansoma infect?

Answer 21

It infects the central nervous system leading to more severe morbidity –> seizures, Coma, death

Question 22

How does Trypansoma evade the immune system? How are they successful?

Answer 22

By swapping out antigens frequently on the surface of their body.

They are successful at infecting the blood by wearing out your immune system and never finish killing them all.

Question 23

What’s the site of infection for Plasmodium and Trypansoma ?

Answer 23

Plasmodium: RBC’s

Trypansoma: in the blood but outside of RBC’s

Question 24

What’s the pathogenesis of Plasmodium and Trypansoma?

How they cause death

Answer 24

Plasmodium: malaria, blood infection

Trypansoma: Central nervous system involvement

Question 25

What’s the transmission of Plasmodium and Trypansoma ?

Which vector

Answer 25

Plasmodium: mosquito

Trypansoma: Fly

Question 26

Which one is extracellular and which one is intracellular for Plasmodium and Trypansoma?

Answer 26

Plasmodium: intracellular

Trypansoma: