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Microbiology > Fungal Parasites > Flashcards

Fungal Parasites Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Following hyphae, what branches off into a web?

A

Mycelium

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2
Q

What organ system are parasitic fungi most commonly associated with?

A

Skin

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3
Q

What organs or tissues can intermittently harbor Candida albicans

A

Skin, colon, vaginal canal, mucous membranes

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of Candida albicans?

A

Aggressive opportunist
&
Member of various microfloras

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5
Q

What do you opportunists look for specifically?

A

Suppressed immune system
And/or
Loss of competition/competing with microflora

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6
Q

What keeps candida numbers low?

A
  1. ) your immune system

2. ) competition from other microflora (ex: Lactobacillus)

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7
Q

What is the name when fungi spread and create long strands

A

Hyphae

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8
Q

What are the two localized infections of Candida albicans?

A
  1. ) vaginal tract

2. ) oral thrush

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9
Q

The vaginal tract is what type of infection?

A

A yeast infection

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10
Q

What’s the demographic of the vaginal tract?

A

Reproductive age females

  • broad-spectrum antibiotics increases the risk due to loss of competitive lactobacillus
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11
Q

Broad-spectrum antibiotics increase the risk due to…

A

Loss of competitive Lactobacillus

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12
Q

What happens if you take a broad-spectrum antibiotic for a yeast infection?

A

You’ll wipe out all the lactobacillus microflora and get a chance of a yeast infection

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13
Q

In regards to Lactobacillus why is low pH necessary?

A

Low pH inhibits other growth of bacteria and keeps the pH balanced

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14
Q

What two forces keep candida populations and check?

A

Lactobacillus – low pH

Your immune system– Having a strong immune system is important

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15
Q

Immunocompromise individuals are at risk of developing severe Candida infections because…

A

They have severely low count of T cells that are not capable to fight off the infection

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16
Q

What’s the demographic of oral thrush?

A

Newborns and AIDS patients

– Lack of immune system or microflora

17
Q

Explain why AIDS patients are at high risk of developing severe Candida infections?

A

Lack of immune system, don’t make enough antibodies

18
Q

Explain why newborns are at high risk of developing severe Candida infections

A

Lack of immune system and/or microflora

-lack of anti-bodies and other competitive pathogens in the microflora

19
Q

Describe the manifestation went Candida colonizes the vaginal tract or oral cavity/esophagus

A

In AIDS patients they are likely to get thrush and therefore swallow the fungal spores into the Esophagus.
- it then colonizes and creates Hyphae embedding into the esophageal walls

20
Q

What groups or risk factors predispose someone to colonization of candida in the oral cavity and the vaginal tract?

A

Individuals that have a weak immune system and have no microflora to compete

21
Q

Which individuals are most susceptible to Candida sepsis?

Is it fatal?

A

Immunosuppressive patients such as AIDS

Yes!

22
Q

What’s the MAJOR portal of entry of candida sepsis?

A

The esophagus

If you are already immunosuppressed you’re probably at risk at having thrush and therefore swallowing large quantities of spores

23
Q

What’s another portal of entry for Candida sepsis?

A

The colon

24
Q

Candida sepsis mimics what type of sepsis?

A

Gram - sepsis (bacterial sepsis)

25
Q

Can candida infections be controlled by antibiotics? Why or why not?

A

No, candida infections are fungal so antibiotics would not do anything.

-you would need an antifungal

26
Q

What’s the risk for candida sepsis?

A

Number of candida sells landing on the esophageal membrane

27
Q

Severely immuno compromised have..

A

LOTS of candida sells landing on the esophageal membrane

28
Q

Few immunocompromised have..

A

The ability of macrophages to phagocytose candida cells

29
Q

Demographic of Candida sepsis

A

Severely immunocompromised

30
Q

Tinea causes…

A

Skin infections called ringworm

31
Q

What are some infections called associated with tinea?

A
  • athletes foot
  • body ring worm
  • jock itch
  • nail fungus
32
Q

Describe the role of moisture in clothing in tinea transmission

A

Tinea loves moisture and is capable to grow under those conditions.

Places that are common are locker rooms and pools which is an easy transmission from one warm and wet environment to another

33
Q

What is Candida sepsis?

A

A blood infection caused by fungal parasite called Candida albicans

Microbiology (12 decks)

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