Protist, plant, fungi vocabulary

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

An organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista.

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

An organism that gets food by eating other organisms or their byproducts and that cannot make organic compounds from inorganic materials.

Question 3

Eukaryote

Answer 3

An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plant, and fungi but not archaebacteria or eubacteria.

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

An organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients.

Question 5

Parasite

Answer 5

An organism that feeds on an organism of another species (the host) and that usually harms the host; the host never benefits from the presence of the parasite.

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

An organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter.

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

A kingdom made up of nongreen, eukaryotic organisms that have no means of movement, reproduce by using spores, and get food by breaking down substances in their surroundings and absorbing the nutrients.

Question 8

Spore

Answer 8

A reproductive cell or multicellular structure that is resistant to stressful environmental conditions and that can develop into an adult without fusing with another cell.

Question 9

Lichen

Answer 9

A mass of fungal and algal cells that grow together in a symbiotic relationship and that are usually found on rocks or trees.

Question 10

Nonvascular plant

Answer 10

The tree groups of plants (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses) that lack specialized conducting tissues and true roots, stems, and leaves.

Question 11

Vascular plant

Answer 11

A plant that has specialized tissues that conduct materials from one part of the plant to another.

Question 12

Gymnosperm

Answer 12

A plant that has seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit. Gymnosperms include the conifers, cycads, and ginkgo.

Question 13

Angiosperm

Answer 13

A plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel. The angiosperms are a large group and include herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees.

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. … Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity.

Question 16

Transpiration

Answer 16

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.

Question 17

Tropism

Answer 17

The turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.

Question 18

Gravitropism

Answer 18

Gravitropism (also known as geotropism) is a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms.

Question 19

Phototropism

Answer 19

The orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ).

Question 20

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 20

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

Question 21

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 21

A disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite.

Question 22

Malaria

Answer 22

A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.

Question 23

Giardia

Answer 23

An intestinal infection caused by a giardia parasite.