Bacteria and Viruses

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

An organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus.

Question 2

Bacilli

Answer 2

Are red shaped. They have a large surface area which helps them take in nutrients. But a large surface can cause them to dry out faster.

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

Are spherical. They do not dry out as quickly as a rod-shaped bacteria.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

Are long and spiral shaped. They use flagella at both ends to move like a corkscrew.

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cells divides into two cells the same size .

Question 6

Endospore

Answer 6

A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

The chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle.

Question 8

Bioremediation

Answer 8

The biological treatment of hazardous waste by living organisms.

Question 9

Antibiotic

Answer 9

Medicine used to kill bacteria and other microorganisms.

Question 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

Bacteria that cause disease.

Question 11

Virus

Answer 11

A microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys the cell.

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

An organism from which a parasite takes food or shelter.