Protien

Question 1

Proteins are polymers of

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

What will be responsible for the proteins shape

Answer 2

The side chain

Question 3

How many amino acids there are

Answer 3

20

Question 4

What will determine how the amino acids interact

Answer 4

The side chain

Question 5

What are the différents groups of the side chain

Answer 5

-Alphatic amino acids
- amino acid with sulfur or hydroxyl side chain
- cyclic amino acid
- aromatic amino acid
- basic amino acids (+)
- acidic amino acid and their amines

Question 6

What are the essential amino acids in human

Answer 6

Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Theorize
Tryptophan
Valine
Histidine

Question 7

What are the non standard amino acids

Answer 7

Homocysteine
Taurine
L-DOPA
Hydroxyproline

Question 8

What are the function of proteins

Answer 8

Proteins make up the cellular machinery that makes metabolism possible

The protein pool in the body is continuously turned over - we don’t keep proteins

Question 9

Insulin receptor

Answer 9

Proteins are dynamic and interactive molecules. When the insulin binds to the insulin the configuration changes it starts a signalling cascade

Question 10

In the hemoglobin what hold the heme group with the iron

Answer 10

Histidine hold the gene group with the iron in the middle and that’s how they can maintain their shape in a stable way

Question 11

Hydrolyzed protein

Answer 11

Used in large scale food manufacturing process

The amino acid composition of protein hydrolysantes depends on the Amino acid composition of the source protein

Question 12

What are hydrolyzed protein used as

Answer 12

1. As a supplement because it is easier for digestion
2. Hypoallergenic food

Question 13

What has Glutamic acid caused

Answer 13

Headaches, numbness and tingling sensation , obesity

Question 14

What are the sources and manufacture of monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Answer 14

1. Hydrolysis of protein
2. Chemical synthesis
3. Fermentation

Question 15

Which one is natural L or D glutamate

Answer 15

L glutamate

Question 16

What foods contain MSG

Answer 16

Fermented foods ( soy sauce, vegemite)

Question 17

What are the pathways for an allergic reaction

Answer 17

Histamine binds to the receptor, Gqa subunit activates PLC which hydrolyses PIP2 into DAG and IP3. IP3 binds to the IP3R ( inositol triphosphate sensitive receptor) and stimulate calcium release form endoplasmic reticulum. The calcium forms a complex with calmodulin ( CaM) and induces PKC- dependent phosphorylation. This suppresses the activity of potassium voltage gated channels which dépolarises neurons and leads to the augmentation of neural excitability, which manifest as increases pain symptoms

Question 18

What makes RNA less stable than DNA and why it is good

Answer 18

OH, and it is good because it is easier to control the protein and gene expression so if you need more protein you can just for it more

Question 19

True or false

We have the same molecule since we are born

Answer 19

False, we have the same sequence but not molecule

Question 20

RNA serves for what

Answer 20

1. Convention of genetic code to amino acids
2. Regulator of gene expression

Question 21

What is the cause of gout

Answer 21

It is a genetically predisposed disease it is caused by high uric acid concentration in the body due to high production or inefficient disposal of uric acid.

Question 22

High uric acid concentration in the fluid around the joints can lead to what

Answer 22

Formation of urate crystals which irritate and inflame the joint

Question 23

What is phenylketonuria

Answer 23

Accumulation of phenylalanine because the protein it’s not working properly. It goes to the liver to the blood brain barrier and it can cause a lot of damage

Question 24

What is aspartame

Answer 24

A common artificial sweeteners composed of aspartic acid and modified phenylalanine

Question 25

Aspartame is … sweeter than sugar

Answer 25

200 times