Protest 1810-31 Flashcards
How many waves of protest from 1810-31?
3
name the waves of protest in this period
Machine breaking/Luddism, radical protest with riots in industrial areas, agricultural protests/Swing
When, what and where: Luddism
1811-16, machine-breaking, North and Midlands
what were the Hampden clubs and when were they first formed
radical debating groups, 1812
when was Habeus Corpus suspended?
1817
when were the Pentrich Rising and Blanketeers march?
1817
In what year were both the 6 Acts and the Peterloo Massacre passed?
1819
When and where were the Swing Riots?
South/East Anglia, 1830-1
what were the machines broken by the Luddites often described as
“frames”
what were the Luddites’ threatening letters about? (3 things)
signed Ned Ludd, sent to employers threatening to wreck machinery, threatening to kill employers or even PM
short term factors leading to Luddism
rapid growth in unemployment and wage cuts, failure of harvests and higher bread prices
in the summer of 1812, how many government stationed troops where there (in areas affected by Luddism)?
12,000 - more than the force they had sent to fight Napoleon
other than stationed troops, how did the government respond to Luddism
1812 Frame Breaking Act, spies (for rewards of £2000), severe punishments
main reasons for popular protest after 1815 (name 4)
napoleonic wars, corn laws and economic distress, population growth, no other alternative for WC, growth of radical press
when was the abolition of income tax, and how did this affect popular protest
1816, stopped the rich paying taxes which angered the working class (forced them to pay tariffs on necessities such as tea, sugar and beer)
