Proteolysis Flashcards
Which signalling pathway is the most widely used in animal cells?
Notch Receptor
What are two aspects of cell behaviour are controlled by the Notch Receptor Pathway?
cell fates and pattern formation regulation
What is lateral Inhibition?
When cells commit to differentiate and signal adjacent cells to not do the same
What pathway method does lateral inhibition of the notch receptor use?
Contact-dependent signalling by a trans-member protein Delta
Proteolysis
is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases
What needs to happen in order for the Notch Receptor to work?
Cleavage of the cytoplasmic tail of the Notch by a protease
What happens after the cytoplasmic tail of the Notch receptor is cleaved by the protease?
It travels to the nucleus of the cell and binds to a DNA binding protein
What happens to the DNA binding protein after it is bound to by the cytoplasmic tail?
the DNA binding protein converts from a transcriptional repressor to a transcriptional activator which can interact with Notch response elements in the target gene
What is the protease used to cleave the cytoplasmic tail of the Notch receptor?
Presenilin
What are Wnt proteins?
secreted signal molecules that mediate cell to cell interactions and cell differentiation
What does Wg genes control in Drosophila development?
Wing development
What does Int1 promote in mice?
Breast cancer
What are the receptors that bind with Wnt proteins?
Frizzle receptor
What genes are activated by Beta-catenin?
c-Myc
What influence does c-Myc on cell behaviour?
Stimulates cell growth and division
