Proteins Quiz 1 Flashcards
What is the function of proteins?
Enzymes, transport of substances, chemical messengers
What is the structure of proteins?
Amino acids joined together in long chains called polypeptides
Draw an amino acid
In notes
How many different types lf amino acids are there in humans?
20
What are amino acids made up of?
A central carbon atom, amino group, carboxyl group
Describe amino acids?
- The side chain determines the properties of amino
- polar, nonpolar, electrically charged
What type of bond forms between the carboxyl group on one amino acid and the amino group on another amino acid?
Peptide bond
What are the structures of proteins?
Primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quaternary structure
Describe a primary structure
The order of amino acids in a polypeptide
Describe a secondary structure
- local folding of polypeptide
- results from hydrogen bonds between amino acid backbones
- a-helix, B-pleated sheets
Describe a tertiary structure
- Folding of secondary structures in polypeptide chain upon themselves
- results from interactions between side chains
Describe a quaternary structure
- When two or more polypeptide chains combine to form a single protein molecule
- results from side chain interaction
What is a change in the three-dimensional shape of a protein molecule called?
Denaturation
What causes a protein molecule to denature?
Heat, pH, radiation, harsh chemicals
What happens when a protein molecule is denatured?
It looses its ability to function
