Proteins and Enzymes

Question 1

How are the different variety of protein shapes created?

Answer 1

This arises from the sequence of amino acids in their molecules.

Question 2

Does the shape of protein molecules affect their function?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

What are the 5 functions of proteins?

Answer 3

Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies
Receptors
Structural

Question 4

Within a cell, what does the structural proteins make-up?

Answer 4

Cell membrane

Question 5

What is the function of an enzyme and where are they found?

Answer 5

An enzyme functions as a biological catalyst and are made by all living cells.

Question 6

What is the function of hormones?

Answer 6

They act as chemical messengers between cells and travel in body fluids such as blood.

Question 7

What are antibodies?

Answer 7

They are protein molecules that are involved in the body’s defence.

Question 8

Where are receptors found?

Answer 8

They are found in the cell membrane and recognise specific substances.

Question 9

What is the substance on which an enzyme acts?

Answer 9

Substrate

Question 10

Complete the missing words….

Enzyme molecules have a….. s…… where they bind to s…….. m……….

Answer 10

Active sites

Substrate molecules

Question 11

Why are enzymes specific?

Answer 11

Because the shape of the active site of each enzyme molecule is complementary to the shape of its substrate.

Question 12

What is the name given to the ideal type of environment for an enzyme to work best in?

Answer 12

Optimum

Question 13

Which 2 factors are enzymes and proteins affected by?

Answer 13

Temperature

Ph

Question 14

Extremes of temperature or Ph can result in changes to the molecular shapes of enzymes known as….

Answer 14

Denaturalising

Question 15

What will happen to an enzyme if it’s shape changes?

Answer 15

It will affect its rate of reaction.

Question 16

What will happen if any protein molecule changes shape?

Answer 16

It will affect its function.

Question 17

What is a product?

Answer 17

A substance made by an enzyme-catalysed reaction.

Question 18

State the feature of a protein that determines its molecular shape and the function it can carry out.

Answer 18

Add your own answer

Question 19

Give four protein groups that have different functions.

Answer 19

Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies
Receptors
Structural

Question 20

State why enzymes are described as biological catalysts?

Answer 20

Because enzymes react with substrates to cause a chemical reaction.

Question 21

State the effects of catalysing a reaction on an enzyme molecules structure?

Answer 21

It will affect its reaction time and function.

Question 22

State why living cells require enzymes?

Answer 22

Living cells require enzymes because they combine with substrates in an active site to cause a chemical reaction that is required by the living cell in order to carry out its specific function.

Question 23

Give the term used for the substance in which an enzyme works?

Answer 23

Substrate

Question 24

Name the part of an enzyme molecule that binds to a substrate?

Answer 24

Active site

Question 25

Give two different conditions that could lead to the denaturing of enzyme molecules?

Answer 25

Temperature and ph

Question 26

Explain the following terms as they are applied to enzymes:
A specific
B optimum

Answer 26

A) it is specific as the enzymes active site is specific to the shape of the substrate.

B) enzymes need to be in an optimum environment in order to function ie temperature and ph

Question 27

Describe what happens to an enzyme molecules structure and function when it becomes denatured?

Answer 27

Its structure, it becomes disfigured.

It’s function will be slowed down

Question 28

Describe the main characteristics of enzymes?

Answer 28

Act as biological catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in cells.
Enzymes have an optimum level of temperature and ph in which they can function or else they can become denaturalised.
Enzymes have a specific active site where the enzyme and substrate can join.