Proteins And Amino Acids Flashcards
What is the structure of an amino acid?
All amino acids have an amino group, a carboxyl group, a H, and an R group that varies from amino acid to amino acid
What are the non polar (aliphatic) amino acids?
Leucine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, proline
- just have carbons and hydrogens
What are the aromatic aminos
Tryptophan
Tyrosine
Phenylaline
Have benzine rings
What are the polar uncharged aminos?
Asparagine, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, glutamine
What are the negatively charged aminos?
Glutamate and aspartate
What are the positively charged aminos?
Arginine, lysine, histidine
What are the 9 essential amino acids?
Leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, methionine, lysine, phenylaline, tryptophan and threonine
How are proteins made up?
Amino acids joined together by peptide bonds via condensation (removal of water) reactions
What is the primary structure of a protein
The linear sequence of the amino acids
What is the secondary structure of protein
This involves the folding of the polypeptide chain, formed by hydrogen bonding
What are the 2 types of secondary structure?
Alpha-helix structure which is where there are twists due to hydrogen bonding
Beta-sheet where H bonds form between peptide bonds between polypeptide chains or in sections of the same polypeptide
What is the tertiary structure of an amino acid?
This refers to the spatial arrangement of the amino acids and is shaped by the folding of the secondary structure
Electrostatic forces hydrophobic forces and H bonding stabilise this structure
What is the quaternary structure of proteins?
Proteins that have more than one polypeptide chain are said to have a quaternary structure
It refers to the spatial arrangement and interactio between these pp chains
interaction between the R groups
