Carbohydrates (1)

Question 1

What is an oligosaccharide?

Answer 1

A carbohydrate with 3-10 monosaccharides

Question 2

How are disaccharides formed?

Answer 2

By joining two monosaccharides together via an alpha1,4 glycosydic bond or an alpha 1,6 glycosydic bond

Question 3

Explain the structure of glycogen?

Answer 3

A polysaccharide containing thousands of glucose molecules in a branch like structure

The alpha 1-6 bonds occur when a branch branches off another is formed
Not a lot of water retention as virtually insoluble

Question 4

When is glycogen used?

Answer 4

During intense exercise muscle glycogen is used, typically broken down from liver and released

Store 100g liver 300-500g muscle

Question 5

What are normal circulating blood glucose levels called?

Answer 5

Euglycaemia

Question 6

Where are GLUT1,GLUT2 and GLUT3 transporters located?

Answer 6

1-Foetal tissue,erythrocytes
2-liver
3-brain/neurons

Question 7

Where is GLUT4 transporter located?

Answer 7

Muscle/adipose tissue

Exercise and insulin triggers glut4 to membrane

High blood glucose triggers insulin release