Proteins Flashcards
What are Proteins?
Used to form the structural parts of a cell. It is a chain of amino acids that form the structure of cells or act as either enzymes or antibodies.
What are Antibodies?
Specialized Proteins that help the body defend itself against disease.
What are Enzymes?
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
What are the three elements that lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates consist of?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What are polypeptides?
A chain of three or more amino acids
What is a polypeptide bond?
The covalent bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the adjoining amino acid
Finish the sentence: “Your cells reassemble the amino acids in sequences that are determined by your…”
Genes
Fill in the blanks: The _ and _ of amino acids determine the type of protein.
order & number
How many amino acids can’t the body synthesize without protein intake?
8
What is the structure of proteins?
Polypeptides that are folded into specific three-dimensional shapes. (Some proteins contain more than one polypeptide) The structure varies depending on the type of protein.
What is Denaturation?
The process that occurs when the bonds of a protein molecule are disrupted, causing a temporary change in shape
What is Coagulation?
The process that occurs when the bonds of a protein molecule are disrupted, causing a permanent change in shape.
What is an anabolic chemical reaction?
they bond monomers to make polymers. Ex: Dehydration or Condensation
What is a catabolic chemical reaction?
they break polymers into simpler units. Ex: Hydrolysis
What are Amino Acids?
A chemical that contains nitrogen, can be linked together to form proteins
