Proteins Flashcards
What monomers are proteins made from?
Amino acid monomers
What are the three groups of an amino acid?
Amine group, carboxyl group, R group
How many different types of amino acids are there?
20 types
What happens to amino acids in acidic conditions?
The amine group accepts a hydrogen ion and becomes 1+ positive
What happens to amino acids in alkaline conditions?
The carboxy group donates a hydrogen ion and becomes 1- postive
What is a condensation reaction?
A condensation reaction is when a molecule of water is eliminated to form a chemical bond between two molecules
What would you circle to label the peptide bond?
O=C-N-H
What is the primary structure? What bonding is involved?
The sequence of amino acids in a peptide chain. They bond through peptide bonds
What is the secondary structure? What bonding is involved?
The folding of a polypeptide chain. - oxygen bonds to + hydrogen
Alpha helix vs beta pleated?
Alpha helix forms a helix. Beta pleated has the two parts folded parallel to each other.
What is tertiary structure?
3D folding of the secondary structure to make a unique shape
What are the three types of bonding in proteins?
Hydrogen, ionic and di-sulphide
What is quaternary structure?
When two or more polypeptide chains bond together.
The amino acids in two proteins are the same but sequenced differently. Explain why this might cause a change to the tertiary structure of the protein.
The hydrogen, disulfide and ionic bonds could form in different locations. This
means that the polypeptide is pulled into a different 3D shape.
