DNA and RNA

Question 1

Nucleotide structure of DNA

Answer 1

phosphate, pentose, nitrogen base

Question 2

What is the name of the bonding between nucleotides, and how is it formed?

Answer 2

Strong phosphodiester bond, from condensation reaction

Question 3

What is the type of bonding between base pairs?

Answer 3

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 4

What are purines? Which base pairs are these?

Answer 4

Purines have 2 rings of carbon, A G

Question 5

What are pyrimidines? Which base pairs are these?

Answer 5

Pyrimidines have one ring of carbons, C T

Question 6

Why do we group the base pairs in a certain order?

Answer 6

They have different numbers of nitrogen, so grouping them balances out the ratio

Question 7

2 features of having hydrogen bonds

Answer 7

1. Easily broken allows for easy replication
2. Many hydrogen bonds give the molecule stability

Question 8

Why does DNA coil?

Answer 8

To keep it compact

Question 9

What is the role of the sequence of bases?

Answer 9

It allows information to be stored

Question 10

2 features associated with a double helix

Answer 10

1. Prevents the code from being disrupted
2. Gives the molecule stability

Question 11

What does the sugar- phosphate backbone do?

Answer 11

Gives the DNA strength

Question 12

3 differences between DNA and RNA

Answer 12

1. Single polynucleotide chain
2. Ribose NOT deoxyribose
3. URACIL instead of thymine

Question 13

3 advantages of genetic code

Answer 13

Degenerate, universal, non-overlapping