Protein Synthesis- TRANSCRIPTION

Question 1

What is protein synthesis?

Answer 1

Is a process for cells to make proteins. Requires 2 stages: Transcription and Translation

Question 2

What is a human Genome?

Answer 2

The collection of all genes from the 46 chromosomes

Question 3

What is a proteome?

Answer 3

All of the proteins produced by an organism

Question 4

What is Step 1 of Transcription?

Answer 4

RNA polymerase ‘unzips’ the double stranded DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases

Question 5

What is step 2 of Transcription?

Answer 5

The template DNA strand is then copied by RNA polymerase, which starts creating a complementary mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand.

Question 6

What is step 3 of Transcription?

Answer 6

Once the gene has been copied onto the complementary mRNA strand, the DNA zips back up.

Question 7

What is step 4 of Translation?

Answer 7

The mRNA strand then detaches itself and leaves the nucleus.

Question 8

Compare DNA and RNA

Answer 8

DNA:
Double stranded
A, C, G +Thymine
P-S-Base= Deoxyribose sugar
Function: Contains the genetic code for all the proteins (traits) in an organisms
RNA:
Single stranded
A, C, G +Uracil
P-S-Base= Rhibos sugar
Functions:
1. mRNA- formed in the nucleus and carries a copy of DNA code to a rhibosome.
2. tRNA- is in a cytoplasm and carries amino acids to the rhibosome.