Genetics- Intro

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

Is a molecule that contains a genetic code, different to every individual which determines all of the traits and characteristics.
It is only located in the nucleus
Consists of two strands that are arranged in a ladder-like structure. (double helix)

Question 2

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 2

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 3

What is the DNA structure?

Answer 3

Phosphate- Pentose Sugar- Nitrogenous Base

Question 4

What are the 4 types of Nitrogenous Bases

Answer 4

1. Adenine
2. Thymine
3. Cytosine
4. Guanine
   Each base will only bond with one other specific base. They are said to be complementary to each other.

Question 5

What are the complementary bonds of the nitrogenous bases?

Answer 5

Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine- Guanine

Question 6

Where is DNA stored?

Answer 6

In the nucleus

Question 7

How many chromosomes are there in every human body cell?

Answer 7

There are 46 chromosomes in every human body cell (somatic cell). Each chromosome contains a matching pair- 23 pairs in total

Question 8

What are autosomes?

Answer 8

Are the general body characterisitcs

Question 9

What is a karotype?

Answer 9

Is an image of all the genes

Question 10

What do chromosomes do?

Answer 10

Contains DNA, tightly wrapped around histones (proteins)

Question 11

What is a Gene?

Answer 11

Section of DNA codes for one specific trait