Protein Synthesis Flashcards
What are the two stages of protein synthesis?
Transcription and Translation
What is the first stage of transcription?
A section of DNA is unwound and the two strands separate
What is the second stage of transcription?
Free complimentary bases pair with the open bases on one DNA strand. The freebases I joined together to make a strand of complimentary mRNA
What is a polypeptide?
Polypeptide is one piece of protein
What is the first stage of translation?
Ribosome moves along the mRNA in this direction reading one triplet of bases (Codon) at a time
What is the second stage of translation?
tRNA molecules bring amino acid to the ribosome. The amino acid is attached to each tRNA molecule depends on the order of bases in the tRNA
What is the third stage of translation?
Complimentary bases of tRNA pair with the bases on the mRNA strand
What is the fourth stage of translation?
Amino acids that are close together are joined to make an amino acid chain (a polypeptide)
What is the fifth stage of translation?
tRNA free to collect another amino acids
What is the sixth stage of translation?
Every protein is formed from a specific number of amino acids in a particular order. The order of the bases in the DNA defines the order in which the amino acids are joined together. So one section of DNA codes for one particular protein.
Where does transcription take place?
Transcription takes place in the nucleus of the cell
Where does translation take place?
Translation takes place in the cytoplasm when the mRNA strands attaches to a ribosome
