Protein Synthesis

Question 1

What is transcription?

Answer 1

• takes place in the nucleus.
• strand of mRNA that is formed moves out the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Question 2

What is translation?

Answer 2

• takes place in the cytoplasm.
• mRNA attaches to ribosome.

Question 2

Name the steps in transcription?

Answer 2

1) a section of DNA is unwound and the 2 strands separate.

2) RNA-polymerase binds to non-coding DNA in front of the gene.

3) free complementary bases pair with open bases on one DNA strand. The 3 nucleotides are joined together by RNA polymerase to make a strand complementary to mRNA.

Question 3

Name the steps of translation?

Answer 3

1) mRNA attaches to ribosome. Ribosome moves along the mRNA reading on codon at a time.

2) tRNA bring amino acids to ribosome.

3) complementary bases of tRNA pair with the bases on the mRNA strand.

4) amino acid join to form a polypeptide (one piece of protein).

5) tRNA are free to collect another amino acid.

6) every protein is formed from a specific number and order of amino acids.

Question 4

What does transcribe and translate mean?

Answer 4

Transcribe= to copy.
the base order in DNA is copied to make the base order in mRNA.

Translate= to change.
translating from bases to amino acids.

Question 5

Whats the role of mRNA?

Answer 5

Copies the base order of one strand of the DNA.

Question 6

Whats the role of tRNA?

Answer 6

Brings amino acids to the ribosome.