DNA Flashcards
1
Q
What are the bases in DNA?
A
A T
C G
- weak hydrogen bonds between bases hold the DNA strands together.
2
Q
Whats the structure of DNA?
A
- double helix.
- two strands coiled together.
- held together by weak hydrogen bonds.
- that link complementary base pairs of A+T and C+G.
3
Q
What is DNA?
A
A polymer made of many monomers, called nucleotides, joined together.
4
Q
How to extract DNA from fruit?
A
1) grind fruit using a pestle and mortar, to separate the cells.
2) add a detergent to break open the membranes.
3) add ice-cold alcohol so the DNA precipitates out.
5
Q
What is a mutation?
A
The sequence of bases in a gene is changed.
- most genetic mutations have no effect on the phenotype.
- some mutations have a small effect on the phenotype.
- a single mutation can, rarely, significantly, affect the phenotype.
6
Q
What might a mutation cause?
A
- a large change in the protein produced.
- a small change in the protein.
- no change in the protein produced.
