Protein Structures

Question 1

Define terminus in an amino acid?

Answer 1

1) Amino Terminus: Start of AA (NH3) end

2) Carboxyl Terminus: Carboxyl end

Question 2

2 properties of a peptide bond?

Answer 2

1) Partial double bond, so rigid and won’t rotate

2) Very stable

Question 3

What is the backbone of a protein?

Answer 3

Peptide bond chain

Question 4

What are the forces holding proteins together? (5)

Answer 4

1) Van der Waals
2) Hydrogen bonds
3) Hydrophobic Forces
4) Ionic Forces
5) Disulphide bonds

Question 5

How to tell chains apart in tertiary/quaternary structure?

Answer 5

1) Alpha Helix appears as a cylinder
2) Beta pleated sheet as arrows
(Lines= Loops/Unfolded parts)

Question 6

How do you determine the structure of a protein?

Answer 6

Shine X-ray at protein and see how diffract

Question 7

What 2 functions do enzymes have?

Answer 7

1) Speed up reactions 2) Regulate the rate

Bonus: Act as disease markers

Question 8

Process of enzyme? (3)

Answer 8

1) Bind to reactant
2) Convert to products
3) Return to original form

Question 9

What is the porphyrin ring?

Answer 9

Molecule that holds iron atom in middle of HB

Question 10

What can SCD do?

Think Mutation

Answer 10

Cause erythrocyte to collapse and change shape (Single Mutation)

Question 11

What is a CDR in an antibody?

Answer 11

Complementary Determining Region (Highly Variable loop)

Question 12

What does the CDR allow?

Answer 12

Diverse nature allows range of reversible bonding effects

Question 13

Term for where antigen bound?

Answer 13

Epitope

Question 14

Bond formed between Antigen and Antibody?

Answer 14

Electrostatic force e.g. VDW or Hydrogen