Living Control Mechanisms

Question 1

What are the 2 communication systems?

Answer 1

1) Endocrine: Hormones

2) Nervous: Electrical

Question 2

What is Autocrine communication?

Answer 2

Cell which communicates with itself

release signal and own receptor picks it up

Question 3

What is Paracrine communication?

Answer 3

Cells talking to neighbouring cells a short distance away (Diffuse between gaps between cells)

Question 4

What does Paracrine communication being inactivated locally signify?

Answer 4

Communication only occurs locally, so doesn’t enter the blood stream

Question 5

What is Endocrine communication?

Answer 5

Cells talking to other cells elsewhere in the body

Question 6

Definition of a Hormone?

Answer 6

Molecule that acts as a chemical messenger

Question 7

3 Classifications of a Hormone?

Answer 7

1) Amino-Acid
2) Peptide
3) Steroid

Question 8

What are AA hormones synthesised from?

Answer 8

Tyrosine

Question 9

What are Peptide hormones made of and main property?

Answer 9

1) Amino Acids

2) Hydrophilic (so can dissolve e.g. in blood)

Question 10

What speed reaction do Peptide and Amino Acid hormones produce?

Answer 10

Quick reaction

Question 11

What are Steroid hormones made of and main proprety?

Answer 11

Made from cholesterol (Lipid)

Hydrophobic, but dissolve in lipids

Question 12

How are Steroid hormones transported?

Answer 12

Transported in blood in transport proteins

Question 13

What is the function of a feedback loop and how do they differ?

Answer 13

1) Maintain a steady state
A) Positive used to amplify change
B) Negative used to restore the norm