Metabolic Fuels Flashcards
What is Metabolism?
Sum of chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a living organism
What is a Catabolic reaction?
Break down larger molecules to smaller
Anabolic is opposite
Which of the 4 dietary components are anabolic?
Biosynthetic and Fuel Storage
Oxidative = Cat, Waste disposal either
What does Catabolism do?
Provides energy for cell processes (requires O2 and produces CO2)
(Includes energy for anabolism)
What do enzymes require to function?
Macronutrients (Co-factors)
3 Specialisations of tissue and Function?
1) Adipose: Storage energy rich(85% fat)
2) Liver: Metabolically Active
3) Muscle: Activity
3 main dietary energy sources?
1) Carbohydrates
2) proteins
3) Lipids
What does BMI stand for and what is considered healthy?
Body Mass Index
18-25
What happens to energy rich molecules to produce energy?
Undergo oxidation in order to release ATP
CO2 and H2O also produced
What happens to AA in breakdown? (2)
1) Broken down in gut –> Blood stream
2) Carbon Backbone broken for energy
Structure of Triglycerides?
3FA:1G, more reduced as less oxygen
3 Storages of Dietary Fuels?
1) Fat: Adipose Tissue
2) Carbs: Glycogen in L and Muscles
3) protein: Muscle (80% water)
What is the BMR?
Energy needed to stay alive at rest e.g. for respiration, cardiac muscle contraction
What happens if conditions for BMR aren’t met?
Refer to RMR/REE (Resting Energy Exp)
What decreases the BMR? (5)
Age, Gender, Starvation, Hypothyroidism, Less Muscle mass
