protein energy malnutrition Flashcards
It is a group of body depletion disorder which include kwashiorkor, marasmus, and_ the intermediate states of marasmus-kwashiorkor.
protein-energy malnutrition
why food gap lead to PEM
Inadequate caloric intake
Protein Deficiency
Increased nutritional demands
etiological factors that can lead to PEM
Social factors
Economic factors
Environmental factors
Biological factors
Age of host
Kwashiorkor is taken from the Ga language of Ghana which means
“The sickness of the weaning”.
A term used by Cicely Williams in 1934 to describe this condition while working in West Africa.
Kwashiorkor
occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet but calories or energy in the form of carbohydrates is available in sufficient quantity.
Kwashiorkor
Occurs when the body does not receive enough protein to meet its needs, leading to symptoms such as muscle wasting, weakened immunity, and stunted growth.
protein deficiency
when both protein and energy are insufficient, over prolonged periods, a condition known as ___ occurs in children
marasmus
nutritional health promotion for kwashiorkor
Promote Protein Rich Diets and Exclusive Breastfeeding
- Encourage Protein Sources
- Complementary feeding
- Breastfeeding education
The term marasmus is derived from the Greek word marasmos, which means
withering or wasting
a form of severe protein-energy malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency and emaciation.
marasmus
external signs of marasmus
visible wasting of fat and muscle
Prominent skeleton.
Head appears large for the body.
Face may appear old and wizened.
Dry, loose skin (skin atrophy).
Dry, brittle hair or hair loss.
Sunken fontanelles in infants.
Lethargy, apathy and weakness.
Weight loss of more than 40%.
BMI below 16.
management and treatment of marasmus
stage 1: rehydration and stabilization
stage 2: nutritional rehabilitation (refeeding)
stage 3: follow up and prevention
