MALNUTRITION

Question 1

refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients.

Answer 1

malnutrition

Question 2

Occurs when food is not available due to environmental or social circumstances. Inflammation is absent. It usually develops slowly and may be caused by abuse, neglect, famine, poverty, or disordered eating (Skipper, 2012).

Answer 2

starvation-related malnutrition

Question 3

May occur in clients with diseases such as congestive heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A mild to moderate degree of inflammation impedes appetite, intake, or nutrient utilization.

Answer 3

chronic disease-related malnutrition

Question 4

may occur in clients with critical illness, multi-trauma, or major infection due to a marked inflammatory response. These clients may be adequately nourished upon admission but are at high risk for malnutrition due to the nature of their illness

Answer 4

acute disease-related malnutrition / injury-related malnutrition

Question 5

diagnosis of malnutrition

Answer 5

Inadequate Calorie Intake
Unintentional Weight Loss
Loss of Muscle Mass
Loss of Subcutaneous Fat
Localized or generalized Fluid Accumulation That May Mask Weigh loss
Diminished Functional Status As Measured By Handgrip Strength

Question 6

Is a result of having in adequate quantity of food over a long period of time that impairs the physical development of the body. This is determined by taking the weight and height measurements of an individual and comparing them with established standards such as the Child Growth Standards.

Answer 6

undernutrition

Question 7

symptoms of undernutrition

Answer 7

Weight loss

Fatigue

Muscle weakness

Hair loss and dry skin

Question 8

means that the child’s height is less than expected for his/her age (underweight-for-age). Thus, it also means that the child has not grown to his/her potential due to chronic undernutrition or inadequate food to promote growth for a long period of time, frequent or long duration of illnesses at some point in the past.

Answer 8

stunting (undernutrition)

Question 9

Means that one’s weight is less than the expected weight for one’s age compared to a normal population. It can either be moderate or severe depending on the degree of deviation from the standard.

Answer 9

underweight (undernutrition)

Question 10

when the weight of the child is below -2 SD (standard deviation) to 3 SD from the median weight-for-age of a reference population.

Answer 10

moderate underweight

Question 11

The condition of underweight is considered severe if weight is below __ from the median weight-for-age of a reference population

Answer 11

-3 SD

Question 12

It means that the child’s weight is less than expected for his/her height (underweight-for-height).

also called acute malnutrition

Answer 12

wasting (undernutrition)

Question 13

This is a condition caused by an imbalance in energy consumed and energy expended. It is usually caused by too much consumption of food or excess energy over a long period of time. Other causes are related to the existence of hormonal imbalance or low basal metabolic rates.

Answer 13

overnutrition

Question 14

symptoms of overnutrition

Answer 14

Obesity

High blood pressure

High cholesterol

Heart disease

Question 15

It’s possible to get too much of most vitamins or minerals, but usually, this happens when you take megadoses of dietary supplements.

Answer 15

overnutrition of micronutrients

Question 16

Consuming too much energy over time will cause you to gain weight unless you increase your physical activity. It doesn’t matter if those extra calories come from fat, carbohydrates or protein because your body can take whatever it doesn’t need and store it as fat.

Answer 16

overnutrition of energy nutrients

Question 17

how to prevent malnutrition

Answer 17

Eat balanced diet

Limit processed foods and sugary drinks

Stay hydrated

Consult a healthcare professional